Balkans campaign (World War II)

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Balkans campaign
Part of Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of the Second World War
German paratroopers on Crete in 1941
Date 28 October 1940 – 1 June 1941 (7 months and 4 days) Location Albania, Yugoslavia, Greek mainland and the Greek islands Result Axis victory Guerilla war in Yugoslavia Guerilla war in Greece Territorial changes Yugoslavia and Greece come under Axis control
Belligerents
Axis:  Italy Albania  Germany (from April 1941)  Hungary (from April 1941)	Allies:  Greece  Yugoslavia (from April 1941)  United Kingdom  Australia  New Zealand
Commanders and leaders
Pietro Badoglio Ubaldo Soddu Ugo Cavallero Vittorio Ambrosio Shefqet Vërlaci Akif Përmeti Wilhelm List Maximilian von Weichs Kurt Student Elemér Gorondy-Novák	Ioannis Metaxas Alexandros Papagos Dušan Simović Milorad Petrović Henry Wilson Bernard Freyberg
Strength
565,000 680,000 80,000 Total: 1,325,000	430,000 850,000 62,612 Total: 1,342,612

The Balkans campaign of World War II began with the Italian invasion of Greece on 28 October 1940. In the early months of 1941, Italy's offensive had stalled and a Greek counter-offensive pushed into Albania. Germany sought to aid Italy by deploying troops to Romania and Bulgaria and attacking Greece from the east. Meanwhile, the British landed troops and aircraft to shore up Greek defences. A coup d'état in Yugoslavia on 27 March caused Adolf Hitler to order the conquest of that country.

The invasion of Yugoslavia by Germany and Italy began on 6 April 1941, simultaneously with the new Battle of Greece; on 11 April, Hungary joined the invasion. By 17 April the Yugoslavs had signed an armistice, and by 30 April all of mainland Greece was under German or Italian control. On 20 May Germany invaded Crete by air, and by 1 June all remaining Greek and British forces on the island had surrendered. Although it had not participated in the attacks in April, Bulgaria occupied parts of both Yugoslavia and Greece shortly thereafter for the remainder of the war in the Balkans.