Deflagration

Deflagration (Lat: de + flagrare, 'to burn down') is subsonic combustion in which a pre-mixed flame propagates through an explosive or a mixture of fuel and oxidizer.^[1]^[2] Deflagrations in high and low explosives or fuel–oxidizer mixtures may transition to a detonation depending upon confinement and other factors.^[3]^[4] Most fires found in daily life are diffusion flames. Deflagrations with flame speeds in the range of 1 m/s differ from detonations which propagate supersonically with detonation velocities in the range of km/s.^[5]

^ O'Conner, Brian (March 27, 2023). "Explosions, Deflagrations and Detonations". National Fire Protection Association. Archived from the original on March 28, 2023. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
^ Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering (5 ed.). Society of Fire Protection Engineers. 2016. p. 373.
^ McDonough, Gordon (April 1, 2017). "What is a high explosive". Bradbury Science Museum, Los Alamos National Laboratory. Archived from the original on 2017-05-02. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
^ Rosas, Camilo; Davis, Scott; Engel, Derek; Middha, Prankul; van Wingerden, Kees; Mannan, M.S. (July 2014). "Deflagration to detonation transitions (DDTs): Predicting DDTs in hydrocarbon explosions". Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. 30: 263–274. doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2014.03.003. Retrieved May 31, 2023.
^ Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering (5 ed.). Society of Fire Protection Engineers. 2016. p. 390.