Emirate of Transjordan

Emirate of Trans-Jordan إمارة شرق الأردن (Arabic) Imārat Sharq al-Urdun
1921–1946
Flag (1928–1939) Coat of arms
The region administered by the Emirate
Status	League of Nations Mandate administered under the Mandate for Palestine
Capital	Amman 31°57′27″N 35°56′51″E / 31.9575°N 35.9475°E / 31.9575; 35.9475
Official languages	Arabic
Government	Absolute monarchy
Emir
• 1921–1946	Abdullah I
Resident
• 1921	Albert Abramson
• 1921	T. E. Lawrence
• 1921–1924	St John Philby
• 1924–1939	Henry Fortnam Cox
• 1939–1946	Alec Kirkbride
Historical era	Interwar period
• Cairo Conference	March 1921
• Established	11 April[1][2] 1921
• Independence announcement[3]	25 April 1923
• Anglo-Transjordanian treaty	20 February 1928
• Elevated to kingdom	22 March 1946
• Full independence	25 May 1946
Preceded by Succeeded by Arab Kingdom of Syria Interregnum (Transjordan) Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Today part of	Jordan Saudi Arabia Iraq
In 1965, Jordan and Saudi Arabia exchanged some territory.

The Emirate of Transjordan (Arabic: إمارة شرق الأردن, romanized: Imārat Sharq al-Urdun, lit. 'the emirate east of the Jordan'), officially known as the Amirate of Trans-Jordan, was a British protectorate established on 11 April 1921,^[4][1][2] which remained as such until achieving formal independence in 1946.

After the Ottoman defeat in World War I, the Transjordan region was administered within OETA East; after the British withdrawal in 1919, this region gained de facto recognition as part of the Hashemite-ruled Arab Kingdom of Syria, administering an area broadly comprising the areas of the modern countries of Syria and Jordan. Transjordan became a no man's land following the July 1920 Battle of Maysalun,^[5][6] during which period the British in neighbouring Mandatory Palestine chose to avoid "any definite connection between it and Palestine".^[7] Abdullah entered the region in November 1920, moving to Amman on 2 March 1921; later in the month a conference was held with the British during which it was agreed that Abdullah bin Hussein would administer the territory under the auspices of the British Mandate for Palestine with a fully autonomous governing system.

The Hashemite dynasty ruled the protectorate, as well as the neighbouring Mandatory Iraq and, until 1925, the Kingdom of Hejaz to the south. On 25 May 1946, the emirate became the "Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan", achieving full independence on 17 June 1946 when in accordance with the Treaty of London ratifications were exchanged in Amman.

In 1949, after annexing the West Bank in Palestine, and "uniting" both banks of the Jordan river, it was constitutionally renamed the "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan", commonly referred to as Jordan.