Gleiwitz incident

Gleiwitz incident
Part of Operation Himmler
Gliwice Radio Tower in 2012
Type	False flag attack
Location	Gleiwitz, Upper Silesia, Nazi Germany (today Gliwice, Poland) 50°18′48″N 18°41′21″E / 50.313370°N 18.689037°E / 50.313370; 18.689037
Objective	Pretext for the invasion of Poland
Date	31 August 1939 (1939-08-31)
Executed by	German SS
Gleiwitz Radio Tower Location of the Gleiwitz radio tower in Nazi Germany (1937 borders)

The Gleiwitz incident (German: Überfall auf den Sender Gleiwitz; Polish: Prowokacja gliwicka) was a false flag attack on the radio station Sender Gleiwitz in Gleiwitz (then Germany and now Gliwice, Poland) staged by Nazi Germany on the night of 31 August 1939. Along with some two dozen similar incidents, the attack was manufactured by Germany as a casus belli to justify the invasion of Poland. Prior to the invasion, Adolf Hitler gave a radio address condemning the acts and announcing German plans to attack Poland, which began the next morning.^[1][2] Despite the German government using the attack as a justification to go to war with Poland, the Gleiwitz assailants were not Polish but were German SS officers wearing Polish uniforms.

During his declaration of war, Hitler did not mention the Gleiwitz incident but grouped all provocations staged by the SS as an alleged "Polish assault" on Germany. The Gleiwitz incident is the best-known action of Operation Himmler, a series of special operations undertaken by the Schutzstaffel (SS) to serve German propaganda at the outbreak of war. The operation was intended to create the appearance of a Polish aggression against Germany to justify the invasion of Poland. On September 3, Britain and France declared war on Germany, and the European theatre of World War II had begun. Manufactured evidence for the Gleiwitz attack by the SS was provided by the German SS officer Alfred Naujocks in 1945.^[1]