Groningen (province)

Groningen Grunn (Low Saxon) Grinslân (West Frisian)
Province of the Netherlands
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: "Grönnens Laid" "Song of Groningen"
Location of Groningen in the Netherlands
Topography map of Groningen
Coordinates: 53°15′N 6°44′E / 53.250°N 6.733°E / 53.250; 6.733
Country	Netherlands
Capital (and largest city)	Groningen
Government
• King's Commissioner	René Paas (CDA)
• Council	States of Groningen
Area  (2023)[2]
• Total	2,955 km2 (1,141 sq mi)
• Land	2,316 km2 (894 sq mi)
• Water	639 km2 (247 sq mi)
• Rank	7th
Population  (1 January 2023)
• Total	596,075[1]
• Rank	9th
• Density	257/km2 (670/sq mi)
• Rank	9th
GDP [3]
• Total	€25.636 billion
• Per capita	€44,000
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166 code	NL-GR
HDI (2019)	0.933[4] very high · 5th of 12
Website	www.provinciegroningen.nl

Groningen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣroːnɪŋə(n)] ^ⓘ; Gronings: Grunn; West Frisian: Grinslân) is the northeasternmost province of the Netherlands. It borders on Friesland to the west, Drenthe to the south, the German state of Lower Saxony to the east, and the Wadden Sea to the north. As of January 2023, Groningen had a population of about 596,000,^[5] and a total area of 2,955 km² (1,141 sq mi).

Historically the area was at different times part of Frisia, the Frankish Empire, the Holy Roman Empire, and the Dutch Republic, the precursor state of the modern Netherlands. In the 14th century, the city of Groningen became a member of the Hanseatic League.

The provincial capital and the largest city in the province is the city of Groningen (231,299 inhabitants^[6]). Since 2016, René Paas has been the King's Commissioner in the province. A coalition of GroenLinks, the Labour Party, ChristianUnion, People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, Democrats 66, and Christian Democratic Appeal forms the executive branch. The province is divided into 10 municipalities.

The land is mainly used for agriculture. There are seaports in Delfzijl and Eemshaven. The Groningen gas field, one of the world's largest, was discovered in 1959. The province is home to the University of Groningen and Hanze University of Applied Sciences.