History of the Supreme Court of the United States

The Judiciary Act of 1789 implemented the entire federal judicial branch, including the Supreme Court. It was also the first act by Congress to be partially invalidated by the Supreme Court.

The Supreme Court of the United States is the only court specifically established by the Constitution of the United States, implemented in 1789; under the Judiciary Act of 1789, the Court was to be composed of six members—though the number of justices has been nine for most of its history, this number is set by Congress, not the Constitution. The court convened for the first time on February 2, 1790.[1]

The Old Royal Exchange, in New York City, where the first meeting of the Court was held in February 1790, though with no cases to hear.
  1. ^ "The Constitution of the United States with Index and the Declaration of Independence". United States Government Printing Office. 1997. Archived from the original on 2008-09-12. Retrieved 2008-11-04.

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