John Stewart, Earl of Buchan

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John Stewart
Earl of Buchan
19th-century painting of Stewart
Born	c.1381 Scotland
Died	17 August 1424 Verneuil-sur-Avre, France
Wars and battles	Hundred Years War Battle of Bauge Battle of Cravant (POW) Battle of Verneuil †
Offices	Constable of France
Noble family	House of Stuart
Father	Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany
Mother	Muriella Keith
Military career
Years of service	1419-1424
Commands held	Scottish Army, France, Hundred Years War.

John Stewart, Earl of Buchan (c. 1381 – 17 August 1424) was a Scottish nobleman and soldier who fought alongside the Kingdom of France during the Hundred Years War. In 1419, he was sent to France by his father the Duke of Albany, Regent of Scotland, with a Scottish army of 6,000 men. Stewart led the combined Franco-Scottish army at the Battle of Baugé on 21 March 1421, where he comprehensively routed an English force under Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence.

However, two years later, Stewart was defeated and captured by an English force led by Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury at the Battle of Cravant in 1423. After the battle he was exchanged, and after his release in 1424 he was appointed Constable of France making him the effective Commander-in-Chief of the French army. On 17 August of that year, Buchan was killed in action fighting against English troops at the disastrous Battle of Verneuil, along with most of the Scottish troops in France. The battle led to the effective dissolution of the Scottish army in France.