Julian Schwinger

Julian Schwinger
Schwinger in 1965
Born	Julian Seymour Schwinger (1918-02-12)February 12, 1918 New York City, U.S.
Died	July 16, 1994(1994-07-16) (aged 76) Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Nationality	American
Alma mater	City College of New York (BA) Columbia University (BA, PhD)
Known for	Quantum electrodynamics Electroweak interaction Cavity perturbation theory Dyon Spin–statistics theorem MacMahon Master theorem Source theory Mutually unbiased bases Keldysh formalism List of things named after Julian Schwinger
Spouse	Clarice Carrol (m. 1947) (1917-2011)
Awards	Albert Einstein Award (1951) National Medal of Science (1964) Nobel Prize in Physics (1965)
Scientific career
Fields	Quantum field theory
Institutions	University of California, Berkeley Purdue University Massachusetts Institute of Technology Harvard University University of California, Los Angeles University of Chicago
Thesis	On the magnetic scattering of neutrons (1939)
Doctoral advisor	Isidor Isaac Rabi
Doctoral students	Richard Arnowitt Roy Glauber Ben R. Mottelson Eugen Merzbacher Sheldon Glashow Walter Kohn Bryce DeWitt Daniel Kleitman Sam Edwards Gordon Baym Lowell S. Brown Stanley Deser Lawrence Paul Horwitz Margaret G. Kivelson Tung-Mow Yan Charles M. Sommerfield Kenneth Alan Johnson

Julian Seymour Schwinger (/ˈʃwɪŋər/; February 12, 1918 – July 16, 1994) was a Nobel Prize-winning American theoretical physicist. He is best known for his work on quantum electrodynamics (QED), in particular for developing a relativistically invariant perturbation theory, and for renormalizing QED to one loop order. Schwinger was a physics professor at several universities.

Schwinger is recognized as one of the greatest physicists of the twentieth century, responsible for much of modern quantum field theory, including a variational approach, and the equations of motion for quantum fields. He developed the first electroweak model, and the first example of confinement in 1+1 dimensions. He is responsible for the theory of multiple neutrinos, Schwinger terms, and the theory of the spin-3/2 field.