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Kelvin

This article is about the unit of temperature. For the person, see Lord Kelvin. For other uses, see Kelvin (disambiguation).

kelvin
Equivalent temperatures in kelvin (K), Celsius (°C), and Fahrenheit (°F)
General information
Unit systemSI
Unit oftemperature
SymbolK
Named afterWilliam Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
2019 definitionkB ≝ 1.380649×10−23 J/K
Conversions
x K in ...... corresponds to ...
   Celsius   (x − 273.15) °C
   Fahrenheit   (1.8 x − 459.67) °F
   Rankine   1.8 x °Ra

The kelvin, symbol K, is the base unit of measurement for temperature in the International System of Units (SI). The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale that starts from the coldest possible temperature, absolute zero, 0 K or -273.15 °C, then rises by exactly 1 K for each 1 °C.[1][2][3][4] Thus, a Celsius temperature is converted to kelvin by adding 273.15. For example, 0 °C, the approximate melting point of ice, is 273.15 K.[1][5]

The 19th century British scientist Lord Kelvin developed and proposed the scale.[5] It was often called the "absolute Celsius" scale in the early 20th century.[6] The kelvin was formally added to the International System of Units in 1954, defining 273.16 K to be the triple point of water. The Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Rankine scales were redefined in terms of the Kelvin scale using this definition.[2][7][8] The 2019 redefinition of the SI base units now defines the kelvin in terms of energy by setting the Boltzmann constant to exactly 1.380649×10−23 joules per kelvin;[2] every 1 K change of thermodynamic temperature corresponds to a thermal energy change of exactly 1.380649×10−23 J.

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  2. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference SI Brochure 9 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference BIPM web page for kelvin was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference NIST SI redefinition was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference nist intro was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference absoluteC was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Busting Myths about the Metric System was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference NIST HB44 Appendix C was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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