Kwasio language

Kwasio
Kwasio
Ngumba, Kola
Native to	Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea
Region	along and near the coast at the border between Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea
Ethnicity	Kwasio, Gyele Pygmies
Native speakers	(26,000 cited 1982–2012)
Language family	Niger–Congo? Atlantic–Congo Benue–Congo Bantu (Zone A) Makaa–Njem + Kako (A.80–90) Mvumboic Kwasio; ; ; ; ; ;
Dialects	Kwasio; Mvumbo; Mabi; Gyele; Kola;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Either:; nmg – Kwasio–Mvumbo; gyi – Gyele–Kola
Glottolog	mvum1239
Guthrie code	A.81,801
ELP	Gyele

Map of the Gyeli/Kwasio area in Cameroon (dots) with neighbouring languages/peoples ^[3]

The Kwasio language, also known as Ngumba / Mvumbo, Bujeba, and Gyele / Kola, is a language of Cameroon, spoken in the south along the coast and at the border with Equatorial Guinea by some 70,000^{[citation needed]} members of the Ngumba, Kwasio, Gyele and Mabi peoples.^{[citation needed]} Many authors^[4]^[5]^[6] view Kwasio and the Gyele/Kola language as distinct. In the Ethnologue, the languages therefore receive different codes: Kwasio has the ISO 639-3 code nmg,^[7] while Gyele has the code gyi.^[8] The Kwasio, Ngumba, and Mabi are village farmers; the Gyele (also known as the Kola or Koya) are nomadic Pygmy hunter-gatherers living in the rain forest.

^ Kwasio–Mvumbo at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Gyele–Kola at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
^ Grimm N (2021). A grammar of Gyeli (pdf). Berlin: Language Science Press. p. 11. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4737370. ISBN 978-3-98554-007-5.
^ Rénaud, Patrick (1976). Le bajeli. Phonologie, morphologie nominale. Vol. 1 et 2. Yaoundé: Les Dossiers de l'ALCAM. p. 27.
^ Grimm, Nadine (2015). A Grammar of Gyeli. Humboldt University Berlin: PhD thesis. p. 8.
^ Maho, Jouni F. (2009). "New Updated Guthrie List" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 3, 2018. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
^ "Ethnologue: Kwasio". Retrieved March 3, 2017.
^ "Ethnologue: Gyele". Retrieved March 3, 2017.

[e18-1] Kwasio–Mvumbo at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Gyele–Kola at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

[Guthrie-2] Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online

[Grimm2021-3] Grimm N (2021). A grammar of Gyeli (pdf). Berlin: Language Science Press. p. 11. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4737370. ISBN 978-3-98554-007-5.

[4] Rénaud, Patrick (1976). Le bajeli. Phonologie, morphologie nominale. Vol. 1 et 2. Yaoundé: Les Dossiers de l'ALCAM. p. 27.

[5] Grimm, Nadine (2015). A Grammar of Gyeli. Humboldt University Berlin: PhD thesis. p. 8.

[6] Maho, Jouni F. (2009). "New Updated Guthrie List" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 3, 2018. Retrieved March 3, 2017.

[7] "Ethnologue: Kwasio". Retrieved March 3, 2017.

[8] "Ethnologue: Gyele". Retrieved March 3, 2017.

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