Mengjiang

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Mengjiang United Autonomous Government (1939–1941) 蒙疆聯合自治政府 (Japanese, Chinese) Měngjiāng Liánhé Zìzhì Zhèngfǔ Mōkyō Rengō Jichi Seifu ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ Монголын Өөртөө Засах Холбоот Засгийн Ордон (Mongolian) Mongolian Autonomous State (1941–1945) 蒙古自治邦 (Japanese, Chinese) Ménggǔ Zìzhì Bāng Mōko Jichi Hō ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠰ Монголын Өөртөө Засах Yлс (Mongolian)
1939[1][2]–1945
Flag Emblem
Status	Puppet state of the Empire of Japan (1939–40) Autonomous region of the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China (1940–45)
Capital	Kalgan
Common languages	Chinese Mongolian Japanese
Religion	State Shinto Buddhism (Chinese Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism) Chinese folk religion Taoism Confucianism Mongolian folk religion
Government	Military dictatorship
Head of state
• 1939–1945	Demchugdongrub
Historical era	Second Sino-Japanese War World War II
• Established	1 September 1939[1][2]
• Incorporated into the Reorganized National Government as an autonomous region	24 March 1940
• Disestablished	19 August 1945
Currency	Mengjiang yuan
Preceded by Succeeded by Republic of China Mongol United Autonomous Government South Chahar Autonomous Government North Shanxi Autonomous Government Reorganized National Government of China Soviet occupation of Manchuria
Today part of	China

Mengjiang, also known as Mengkiang or the Mongol Border Land,^[3] officially the Mengjiang United Autonomous Government, was an autonomous zone in Inner Mongolia, formed in 1939 as a puppet state of the Empire of Japan, then from 1940 being under the nominal sovereignty of the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China (which was itself also a puppet state). It consisted of the previously Chinese provinces of Chahar and Suiyuan,^[4] corresponding to the central part of modern Inner Mongolia. It has also been called Mongukuo^[5] or Mengguguo (or Mengkukuo; Chinese: 蒙古國; in analogy to Manchukuo, another Japanese puppet state in Manchuria). The capital was Kalgan, from where it was under the nominal rule of Mongol nobleman Demchugdongrub. The territory returned to Chinese control after the defeat of the Japanese Empire in 1945.