Nationalist government

Republic of China
中華民國
*Zhōnghuá mínguó*
Republic of China 中華民國; Zhōnghuá mínguó
1925–1948
	Flag Emblem
	Anthem: 中華民國國歌; Zhōnghuá mínguó guógē; "National Anthem of the Republic of China" (1937–1948) Flag anthem: 中華民國國旗歌; Zhōnghuá míngúo gúoqígē ; "National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China"; (1947–1948)
	National seal; 中華民國之璽; ; (1929–1949)
	Land controlled by the Republic of China (1945) shown in dark green; land claimed but uncontrolled shown in light green.
Capital	Guangzhou; (1925–1926); Nanjing; (1927–1937, 1946–1949); Wuhan; (1927, 1937–1938); Luoyang; (1932); Chongqing; (1938–1946);
Largest city	Shanghai
Official languages	Standard Chinese
Demonym(s)	Chinese
Government	Unitary provisional government under a military dictatorship (1925–1928) ; Unitary Tridemist one-party directorial republic (1928–1947) ; Unitary dominant-party parliamentary constitutional republic (1947–1948);
Chairman
• 1928	Tan Yankai (first)
• 1943–1948	Chiang Kai-shek (last)
Generalissimo
• 1931–1946	Chiang Kai-shek
Premier
• 1928–1930	Tan Yankai (first)
• 1947–1948	Zhang Qun (last)
Legislature	National Assembly
• Upper house	Control Yuan
• Lower house	Legislative Yuan
History
• Established in Guangzhou	1 July 1925
• Northern Expedition	1926–1928
• Reset in Nanjing	18 April 1927
• Chinese Civil War	1927–1936, 1946–1950
• Second Sino-Japanese War	7 July 1937 – 2 September 1945
• Admitted to the United Nations	24 October 1945
• Retrocession of Taiwan and the Pescadores	25 October 1945
• February 28 incident	28 February 1947
• Constitution adopted	25 December 1947
• Government of the Republic of China established	20 May 1948
Currency	Chinese yuan; Old Taiwan dollar (1946–1949);
ISO 3166 code	CN
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Army and Navy Marshal stronghold of the Republic of China
	Beiyang China
Government of the Republic of China
Today part of	China; Taiwan; Mongolia; Russia;

The Nationalist government, officially the National Government of the Republic of China (Chinese: 中華民國國民政府; pinyin: Zhōnghuá mínguó guómín zhèngfǔ), refers to the government of the Republic of China from 1 July 1925 to 20 May 1948, led by the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) party.

Following the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution on 10 October 1911, revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen was elected Provisional President and founded the Provisional Government of the Republic of China. To preserve national unity, Sun ceded the presidency to military strongman Yuan Shikai, who established the Beiyang government. After a failed attempt to install himself as Emperor of China, Yuan died in 1916, leaving a power vacuum which resulted in China being divided into several warlord fiefdoms and rival governments. They were nominally reunified in 1928 under the Nanjing-based government led by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, which after the Northern Expedition governed the country as a one-party state under the Kuomintang, and was subsequently given international recognition as the legitimate representative of China. The Nationalist government would then experience many challenges such as the Second Sino-Japanese War, and the Chinese Civil War. The government was in place until it was replaced by the current Government of the Republic of China in the newly promulgated Constitution of the Republic of China of 1948.
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