Novaya Zemlya

Novaya Zemlya
Новая Земля (Russian)
	Map of Novaya Zemlya
	Location of Novaya Zemlya, including the site of the Tsar Bomba detonation
Geography
Location	Arctic Ocean
Coordinates	74°N 56°E / 74°N 56°E
Major islands	2
Area	83,000 km2 (32,000 sq mi)
Highest elevation	1,547 m (5075 ft)
Highest point	Gora Kruzenshterna
Administration
	Russia
Federal subject	Arkhangelsk Oblast
Largest settlement	Belushya Guba (pop. 1,972)
Demographics
Population	3,576 (2021)
Pop. density	0.04/km2 (0.1/sq mi)
Additional information
	Flag Seal

Novaya Zemlya (/ˌnoʊvəjə ˈzɛmliə/, also UK: /ˌnɒv-, -aɪ.ə -/, US: /- zɛmˈl(j)ɑː/;^[1]^[2] Russian: Но́вая Земля́, IPA: [ˈnovəjə zʲɪmˈlʲa], lit. 'New Land') is an archipelago in northern Russia. It is situated in the Arctic Ocean, in the extreme northeast of Europe, with Cape Flissingsky, on the northern island, considered the easternmost point of Europe. To Novaya Zemlya's west lies the Barents Sea and to the east is the Kara Sea.

Novaya Zemlya consists of two main islands, the northern Severny Island and the southern Yuzhny Island, which are separated by the Matochkin Strait. Administratively, it is incorporated as Novaya Zemlya District, one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.^[3] Municipally, it is incorporated as Novaya Zemlya Urban Okrug.^[4]

Novaya Zemlya was a sensitive military area during the Cold War, and parts of it are still used for airfields today. The Soviet Air Force maintained a presence at Rogachevo on the southern part of the southern island, on the westernmost peninsula (71°37′04″N 52°28′44″E / 71.61787°N 52.47884°E / 71.61787; 52.47884). It was used primarily for interceptor aircraft operations, but also provided logistical support for the nearby nuclear test area. Novaya Zemlya was one of the two major nuclear test sites managed by the USSR; it was used for air drops and underground testing of the largest of Soviet nuclear bombs, in particular the October 30, 1961, air burst explosion of Tsar Bomba, the largest, most powerful nuclear weapon ever detonated.

^ Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
^ Upton, Clive; Kretzschmar, William A. Jr. (2017). The Routledge Dictionary of Pronunciation for Current English (2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 910. ISBN 978-1-138-12566-7.
^ Law #65-5-OZ
^ Law #258-vneoch.-OZ

[1] Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.

[2] Upton, Clive; Kretzschmar, William A. Jr. (2017). The Routledge Dictionary of Pronunciation for Current English (2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 910. ISBN 978-1-138-12566-7.

[ArkhangelskO_adm-3] Law #65-5-OZ

[ArkhangelskO_mun-4] Law #258-vneoch.-OZ

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