Ottoman Navy

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Ottoman Navy
Turkish: Osmanlı Donanması
Naval standard of the Ottoman Sultan
Active	1323–1922
Country	Ottoman Empire
Allegiance	Ottoman Sultan
Type	Navy
Garrison/HQ	Ministry of the Navy [tr], Constantinople
Engagements	Ottoman wars in Europe Greek War of Independence Crimean War Tripolitanian War Balkan Wars World War I
Commanders
Kapudan Pasha (1567–1867)	Müezzinzade Ali Pasha (first) Damat Mehmed Ali Pasha (last)
Minister of the Navy [tr] (1867–1922)	İsmail Hakkı Paşa [tr] (first) Salih Hulusi Pasha (last)
Fleet Commander (1877–1922)	Bozcaadalı Hasan Hüsnü Paşa [tr] (first) Fuat Hüsnü Kayacan (last)

Part of a series on the
Military of the Ottoman Empire
Classical army (1451–1826) Kapıkulu Janissaries Six Divisions of Cavalry Sipahi Voynuks Yamaks Dervendjis Sekban Seymen Seimeni Akinji Azap Levend Timariots Yaya Humbaracı Bashi-bazouk Deli Martolos
Reform period Nizam-i Djedid Sekban-i Djedid Auspicious Incident Mansure Army Hamidieh
Modern army (1861–1922) Modern Army
Navy Imperial Arsenal Ships Kapudan Pashas Naval battles
Aviation Vecihi Hürkuş Ahmet Ali Çelikten
Conflicts European Byzantine Bulgarian Serbian Moldavian Hungarian Venetian Albanian Croatian Polish Portuguese Habsburg Russian Asia Persian Africa Sieges and landings Rebellions
Conscription
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The Ottoman Navy (Turkish: Osmanlı Donanması) or The Imperial Navy (Ottoman Turkish: Donanma-yı Humâyûn), also known as the Ottoman Fleet, was the naval warfare arm of the Ottoman Empire. It was established after the Ottomans first reached the sea in 1323 by capturing Praenetos (later called Karamürsel after the founder of the Ottoman Navy), the site of the first Ottoman naval shipyard and the nucleus of the future navy.

During its long existence, the Ottoman Navy was involved in many conflicts and signed a number of maritime treaties. It played a decisive role in the conquest of Constantinople and the subsequent expansion into the Mediterranean and Black Seas. At its height in the 16th century, the Navy extended to the Indian Ocean, sending an expedition to Indonesia in 1565, and by the early 17th century operated as far as the Atlantic. Commensurate with the decline and modernization of the empire in the late 18th century, the Ottoman Navy stagnated, albeit remaining among the largest in the world: with nearly 200 warships, including 21 battleships, it ranked third after the British and French navies.^[1]

For much of its history, the Navy was led by the Kapudan Pasha (Grand Admiral; literally "Captain Pasha"); this position was abolished in 1867, when it was replaced by the Minister of the Navy (Turkish: Bahriye Nazırı) and a number of Fleet Commanders (Turkish: Donanma Komutanları).

After the end of the Ottoman Empire and the declaration of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the Navy's tradition was continued under the modern Turkish Naval Forces.