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Pitkern

Pitkern
Pitkern-Norfolk
Pitcairn-Norfolk
Native toNorfolk Island, Pitcairn Islands, New Zealand
EthnicityPitcairn Islanders
Native speakers
ca. 400 Pitcairn-Norfolk (2008)[1]
36 on Pitcairn (2002)
English–Tahitian creole
  • Pitkern-Norfuk
    • Pitkern
Dialects
Official status
Official language in
 Pitcairn Islands
Language codes
ISO 639-3pih Pitcairn-Norfolk
Glottologpitc1234  Pitcairn-Norfolk
ELPPitcairn-Norfolk
Linguasphere52-ABB-dd
Pitcairn is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Pitkern, also known as Pitcairn-Norfolk or Pitcairnese, is a language spoken on Pitcairn and Norfolk islands. It is a mixture of English and Tahitian, and has been given many classifications by scholars, including cant, patois, and Atlantic Creole.[2] Although spoken on Pacific Ocean islands, it has been described as an Atlantic Creole due to the lack of connections with other English-based creoles of the Pacific.[3] There are fewer than 50 speakers on Pitcairn Island, a number which has been steadily decreasing since 1971.[4][5]

  1. ^ Pitcairn-Norfolk at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Mühlhäusler, Peter (1 July 2011). "Some notes on the ontology of Norf'k". Language Sciences. Linguistics Out of Bounds: Explorations in Integrational Linguistics in Honour of Roy Harris on his 80th Birthday. 33 (4): 673–679. doi:10.1016/j.langsci.2011.04.022. ISSN 0388-0001.
  3. ^ Avram, Andrei A. (2003). "Pitkern and Norfolk revisited". English Today. 19. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/S0266078403003092.
  4. ^ Avram, Andrei A. (14 July 2003). "Pitkern and Norfolk revisited". English Today. 19 (3): 44–49. doi:10.1017/S0266078403003092. ISSN 0266-0784. S2CID 144835575.
  5. ^ Kallgard, Anders (1998). "A Pitkern Word List" (PDF). Papers in Pidgin and Creole Linguistics. 5.

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