Proton-M

Proton-M rocket on the launchpad at Baikonur Cosmodrome
Function	Heavy-lift launch vehicle
Manufacturer	Khrunichev
Country of origin	Russia
Cost per launch	US$65 million[1]
Size
Height	58.2 m (191 ft)
Diameter	7.4 m (24 ft)
Mass	705,000 kg (1,554,000 lb)[2]
Stages	3 or 4
Capacity
Payload to LEO[a]
Mass	23,000 kg (51,000 lb)[3]
Payload to GTO (1800 m/s)
Mass	6,920 kg (15,260 lb)[3]
Payload to GTO (1500 m/s)
Mass	6,300 kg (13,900 lb)[4]
Payload to GSO
Mass	3,250 kg (7,170 lb)[3]
Associated rockets
Family	Universal Rocket
Comparable	Atlas V 551 Delta IV Heavy Falcon 9 FT Long March 5
Launch history
Status	Active
Launch sites	Baikonur, Site 81/24 Baikonur, Site 200/39
Total launches	115
Success(es)	104
Failure(s)	9
Partial failure(s)	2
First flight	7 April 2001[5]
Last flight	12 March 2023
Type of passengers/cargo	GLONASS, ExoMars, Nauka (ISS module)
First stage – 8S810K
Height	21.18 m (69.5 ft)[6]
Diameter	7.4 m (24 ft)
Empty mass	30,600 kg (67,500 lb)
Propellant mass	428,300 kg (944,200 lb)
Powered by	6 RD-275M
Maximum thrust	10,532 kN (2,368,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	285 seconds
Burn time	108 seconds
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
Second stage – 8S811K
Height	17.05 m (55.9 ft)[6]
Diameter	4.1 m (13 ft)
Empty mass	11,000 kg (24,000 lb)
Propellant mass	157,300 kg (346,800 lb)
Powered by	3 RD-0210 1 RD-0211
Maximum thrust	2,399 kN (539,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	327 seconds
Burn time	206 seconds
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
Third stage – 8S812
Height	4.11 m (13.5 ft)[7]
Diameter	4.1 m (13 ft)
Empty mass	3,500 kg (7,700 lb)
Propellant mass	46,562 kg (102,652 lb)
Powered by	1 RD-0212
Maximum thrust	613.8 kN (138,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	325 seconds
Burn time	238 seconds
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
Fourth stage (optional) – Briz-M
Height	2.61 m (8 ft 7 in)
Diameter	4.0 m (13.1 ft)
Empty mass	2,370 kg (5,220 lb)
Propellant mass	19,800 kg (43,700 lb)
Powered by	1 S5.98M
Maximum thrust	19.62 kN (4,410 lbf)[8]
Specific impulse	326 seconds
Burn time	3000 seconds
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
Fourth stage (optional) – Blok DM-2
Powered by	1 RD-58M
Maximum thrust	85 kN (19,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	352 seconds
Propellant	RP-1 / LOX
Fourth stage (optional) – Blok DM-03
Powered by	1 RD-58M/RD-58MF
Propellant	RP-1 / LOX
[edit on Wikidata]

The Proton-M, (Протон-М) GRAU index 8K82M or 8K82KM, is an expendable Russian heavy-lift launch vehicle derived from the Soviet-developed Proton. It is built by Khrunichev, and launched from sites 81 and 200 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Commercial launches are marketed by International Launch Services (ILS), and generally use Site 200/39. The first Proton-M launch occurred on 7 April 2001.^[9]

Proton flew its most recent mission on 12 March 2023. As of August 2020, a number of Roscosmos and other Russian government missions remain on Proton launch manifest.

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).