Resistance during World War II

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World War II Resistance during World War II Albania Albanian resistance National Liberation Movement Austria Austrian resistance Baltic states Latvian resistance movement Lithuanian resistance Soviet partisans Belgium Belgian Resistance Bulgaria Bulgarian resistance movement Burma Anti-Fascist Organisation Czechia Resistance in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia Jan Žižka partisan brigade Prague uprising Denmark Danish resistance movement France French Resistance Maquis Armée Juive Armée secrète Combat Franc-Tireur Francs-Tireurs et Partisans Libération-Nord Libération-sud Mouvements Unis de la Résistance National Council of the Resistance National Front Germany German resistance to Nazism 20 July plot Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany Oster conspiracy Pope Pius XII and the German Resistance White Rose Greece Cretan resistance Greek resistance Italy Italian resistance movement Japan Political dissidence in the Empire of Japan Jewish Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee Jewish partisans Jewish resistance during the Holocaust Jewish Labor Committee Luxembourg Luxembourg resistance Netherlands Dutch resistance Norway Norwegian resistance movement Poland Polish resistance movement in World War II (Polish Underground State) Anti-Fascist Bloc Armia Krajowa Armia Ludowa Bataliony Chłopskie Gwardia Ludowa Kampfgruppe Auschwitz Narodowe Siły Zbrojne Olimp Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa Zydowski Zwiazek Walki Slovakia Slovak National Uprising Spain Spanish Maquis Soviet Union Soviet partisans Soviet resistance movement Moldovan resistance movement Yugoslavia Yugoslav resistance movement Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Macedonia Anti-fascist Assembly for the National Liberation of Serbia Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia Croatian Partisans Liberation Front of the Slovenian People Slovene Partisans Yugoslav Partisans
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During World War II, resistance movements operated in German-occupied Europe by a variety of means, ranging from non-cooperation to propaganda, hiding crashed pilots and even to outright warfare and the recapturing of towns. In many countries, resistance movements were sometimes also referred to as The Underground.

The resistance movements in World War II can be broken down into two primary politically polarized camps:

• the internationalist and usually Communist Party-led anti-fascist resistance that existed in nearly every country in the world; and
• the various nationalist groups in German- or Soviet-occupied countries, such as the Republic of Poland, that opposed both Nazi Germany and the Communists.

While historians and governments of some European countries have attempted to portray resistance to Nazi occupation as widespread among their populations,^[1] only a small minority of people participated in organized resistance, estimated at one to three percent of the population of countries in western Europe. In eastern Europe where Nazi rule was more oppressive, a larger percentage of people were in organized resistance movements, for example, an estimated 10-15 percent of the Polish population. Passive resistance by non-cooperation with the occupiers was much more common.^[2]