S-125 Neva/Pechora

S-125 Neva NATO reporting name: SA-3 Goa, SA-N-1 Goa
Peruvian Air Force Pechora.
Type	short-range SAM system
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Service history
In service	1961[1]–present
Used by	See list of present and former operators
Wars	Vietnam War, War of Attrition, Yom Kippur War, Uganda–Tanzania War, Kosovo War, Iran–Iraq War, Gulf War, Angolan Civil War, Syrian Civil War, 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Tigray conflict, 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine[2]
Production history
Designer	Almaz Central Design Bureau
Designed	1950s
Manufacturer	JSC Defense Systems (Pechora-M)
Produced	1961–present
Variants	Neva, Pechora, Volna, Neva-M, Neva-M1, Volna-M, Volna-N, Volna-P, Pechora 2, Pechora 2M, Newa SC, Pechora-M

The S-125 Neva/Pechora (Russian: С-125 "Нева"/"Печора", NATO reporting name SA-3 Goa) is a Soviet surface-to-air missile system that was designed by Aleksei Isaev to complement the S-25 and S-75. It has a shorter effective range and lower engagement altitude than either of its predecessors and also flies slower, but due to its two-stage design it is more effective against more maneuverable targets. It is also able to engage lower flying targets than the previous systems, and being more modern it is much more resistant to ECM than the S-75. The 5V24 (V-600) missiles reach around Mach 3 to 3.5 in flight, both stages powered by solid fuel rocket motors. The S-125, like the S-75, uses radio command guidance. The naval version of this system has the NATO reporting name SA-N-1 Goa and original designation M-1 Volna (Russian Волна – wave).