Soyuz TMA

Soyuz-TMA

Manufacturer	Korolev
Country of origin	Russia
Operator	Russian Federal Space Agency
Applications	Carry three cosmonauts to ISS and back
Specifications
Regime	Low Earth orbit
Design life	Up to six months docked to ISS
Production
Status	Retired (replaced by Soyuz TMA-M)
Launched	22
Maiden launch	Soyuz TMA-1, 2002
Last launch	Soyuz TMA-22, 2012
Related spacecraft
Derived from	Soyuz-TM
Derivatives	Soyuz TMA-M

Soyuz TMA-M

Manufacturer	Korolev
Country of origin	Russia
Operator	Russian Federal Space Agency
Applications	Carry three cosmonauts to ISS and back
Specifications
Regime	Low Earth orbit
Design life	Up to six months docked to Space station
Production
Status	Retired (replaced by Soyuz MS)
Launched	20
Maiden launch	Soyuz TMA-01M, 2010
Last launch	Soyuz TMA-20M, 2016
Related spacecraft
Derived from	Soyuz-TMA
Derivatives	Soyuz MS

The Soyuz-TMA is a spacecraft used by the Russian Federal Space Agency for human spaceflight. It is a revision of the Soyuz spacecraft and was superseded in 2010 by the Soyuz TMA-M.(T – транспортный – Transportnyi – meaning transport, M – модифицированный – Modifitsirovannyi – meaning modified, A – антропометрический, – Antropometricheskii meaning anthropometric). The spacecraft features several changes to accommodate requirements requested by NASA^[1] in order to service the International Space Station, including more latitude in the height and weight of the crew and improved parachute systems. It is also the first expendable vehicle to feature a "glass cockpit". Soyuz-TMA looks identical to the earlier Soyuz-TM spacecraft on the outside, but interior differences allow it to accommodate taller occupants with new adjustable crew couches.