Valentina Tereshkova

Valentina Tereshkova
Valentina Tereshkova
Валентина Терешкова
	Tereshkova in 2017
Member of the State Duma
	Incumbent
	Assumed office ; 21 December 2011
Personal details
Born	Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova; 6 March 1937 (age 87); Bolshoye Maslennikovo, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Political party	Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1960–1991); Our Home – Russia (1995); Russian Party of Life (2003); United Russia (since 2008);
Spouses	; Andriyan Nikolayev (m. 1963; div. 1982) ; Yuli Shaposhnikov (m. 1982; died 1999)
Children	1
Occupation	Pilot; cosmonaut; politician;
Awards	(see § Awards and honours)
Other names	Valentina Nikolayeva-Tereshkova
	Space career
Soviet cosmonaut
Rank	Major general, Russian Air Force (1962–1997)
Time in space	2 days, 22 hours, and 50 mins
Selection	1st female group
Missions	Vostok 6
Signature

Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova^[a]^[b] (born 6 March 1937) is a Russian engineer, member of the State Duma, and former Soviet cosmonaut. She was the first woman in space, having flown a solo mission on Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963. She orbited the Earth 48 times, spent almost three days in space, is the only woman to have been on a solo space mission and is the last surviving Vostok programme cosmonaut. She was the youngest woman to fly in space until 2023 when Anastatia Mayers flew on Galactic 02 at the age of 18. Since Mayers flew a suborbital mission, Tereshkova remains the youngest woman to fly in Earth orbit.

Before her selection for the Soviet space programme, Tereshkova was a textile factory worker and an amateur skydiver. She joined the Air Force as part of the Cosmonaut Corps and was commissioned as an officer after completing her training. After the dissolution of the first group of female cosmonauts in 1969, Tereshkova remained in the space programme as a cosmonaut instructor. She later graduated from the Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy and re-qualified for spaceflight, but never went to space again. She retired from the Air Force in 1997 having attained the rank of major general.

Tereshkova was a prominent member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, holding various political offices including being a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1974 to 1989. She remained politically active following the collapse of the Soviet Union but twice lost elections to the national State Duma in 1995 and 2003. Tereshkova was later elected in 2008 to her regional parliament, the Yaroslavl Oblast Duma. In 2011, she was elected to the national State Duma as a member of the ruling United Russia party and was re-elected in 2016 and 2021.

She has the federal state civilian service rank of 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.^[1] In 2022, she voted for the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which led to numerous international sanctions against her.

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^ О присвоении квалификационных разрядов федеральным государственным служащим Российского центра международного научного и культурного сотрудничества при Правительстве Российской Федерации (Decree 1441) (in Russian). President of Russia. 26 October 1999.

[3] О присвоении квалификационных разрядов федеральным государственным служащим Российского центра международного научного и культурного сотрудничества при Правительстве Российской Федерации (Decree 1441) (in Russian). President of Russia. 26 October 1999.

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