Demographics of Syria

Demographics of Syria
Demographics of Syria
	Syria population pyramid in 2020
Population	20,384,316 (CIA World Factbook July 2021 est.)
Nationality
Nationality	noun: Syrian(s) adjective: Syrian
Language
Official	Arabic
Spoken	Kurdish, Turkish, Neo-Aramaic (Turoyo, Western Neo-Aramaic, Suret (Assyrian and Chaldean)

Syria's estimated pre–Syrian Civil War 2011 population was 22 ±.5^[1] million permanent inhabitants, which included 21,124,000 Syrians,^[2] as well as 1.3 million Iraqi refugees^[3] and over 500,000 Palestinian refugees.^[3] The war makes an accurate count of the Syrian population difficult, as the numbers of Syrian refugees,^[4] internally displaced Syrians and casualty numbers are in flux. The CIA World Factbook showed an estimated 20.4m people as of July 2021.^[5] Of the pre-war population, six million are refugees outside the country, seven million are internally displaced, three million live in rebel-held territory, and two million live in the Kurdish-ruled Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria.

Most modern-day Syrians are described as Levantine Arabs by virtue of their modern-day language and bonds to Arab culture and history. Genetically, Syrian Arabs are a variety of diverse Semitic-speaking groups indigenous to the region.^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] With around 10% of the population, Kurds are the second biggest ethnic group in Syria, followed by Turkmen.

^ "Syria's drained population". The Economist. 30 September 2015. Archived from the original on 15 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
^ "Population Existed in Syria According To Censuses (1960, 1970, 1981, 1994, 2004) And Estimates of Their Number in Mid Years 2005–2011(000)". Central Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 23 October 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^ ^a ^b "World Refugee Survey 2008". U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants. 19 June 2008. Archived from the original on 28 December 2012.
^ "Syria Regional Refugee Response". UNHCR Syria Regional Refugee Response. 4 July 2019. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
^ "The World Factbook: Syria". CIA Library. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
^ Michael Haag (2009). The Templars: The History and the Myth - From Solomon's Temple to the Freemasons. p. 65. ISBN 9781846681530. Archived from the original on 2017-10-19. Retrieved 2015-11-14.
^ Badro, Danielle A.; Douaihy, Bouchra; Haber, Marc; Youhanna, Sonia C.; Salloum, Angélique; Ghassibe-Sabbagh, Michella; Johnsrud, Brian; Khazen, Georges; Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth; Soria-Hernanz, David F.; Wells, R. Spencer; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Platt, Daniel E.; Zalloua, Pierre A.; Caramelli, David (30 January 2013). "Y-Chromosome and mtDNA Genetics Reveal Significant Contrasts in Affinities of Modern Middle Eastern Populations with European and African Populations". PLOS ONE. 8 (1): e54616. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...854616B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054616. PMC 3559847. PMID 23382925.
^ El-Sibai M, Platt DE, Haber M, Xue Y, Youhanna SC, Wells RS, Izaabel H, Sanyoura MF, Harmanani H, Bonab MA, Behbehani J, Hashwa F, Tyler-Smith C, Zalloua PA (2009). "Geographical Structure of the Y-chromosomal Genetic Landscape of the Levant: A coastal-inland contrast". Annals of Human Genetics. 73 (Pt 6): 568–581. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2009.00538.x. PMC 3312577. PMID 19686289.
^ John Joseph (2000). The Modern Assyrians of the Middle East. p. 30. ISBN 978-9004116412. Archived from the original on 2017-10-19. Retrieved 2015-11-14.

[1] "Syria's drained population". The Economist. 30 September 2015. Archived from the original on 15 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.

[cbspop-2] "Population Existed in Syria According To Censuses (1960, 1970, 1981, 1994, 2004) And Estimates of Their Number in Mid Years 2005–2011(000)". Central Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 23 October 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

[World_Refugee_Survey_2008-3] "World Refugee Survey 2008". U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants. 19 June 2008. Archived from the original on 28 December 2012.

[unhcr-4] "Syria Regional Refugee Response". UNHCR Syria Regional Refugee Response. 4 July 2019. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2019.

[CIA-5] "The World Factbook: Syria". CIA Library. Retrieved 22 December 2018.

[6] Michael Haag (2009). The Templars: The History and the Myth - From Solomon's Temple to the Freemasons. p. 65. ISBN 9781846681530. Archived from the original on 2017-10-19. Retrieved 2015-11-14.

[Contrasts_in_Affinities-7] Badro, Danielle A.; Douaihy, Bouchra; Haber, Marc; Youhanna, Sonia C.; Salloum, Angélique; Ghassibe-Sabbagh, Michella; Johnsrud, Brian; Khazen, Georges; Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth; Soria-Hernanz, David F.; Wells, R. Spencer; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Platt, Daniel E.; Zalloua, Pierre A.; Caramelli, David (30 January 2013). "Y-Chromosome and mtDNA Genetics Reveal Significant Contrasts in Affinities of Modern Middle Eastern Populations with European and African Populations". PLOS ONE. 8 (1): e54616. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...854616B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054616. PMC 3559847. PMID 23382925.

[coastal-inland_contrast-8] El-Sibai M, Platt DE, Haber M, Xue Y, Youhanna SC, Wells RS, Izaabel H, Sanyoura MF, Harmanani H, Bonab MA, Behbehani J, Hashwa F, Tyler-Smith C, Zalloua PA (2009). "Geographical Structure of the Y-chromosomal Genetic Landscape of the Levant: A coastal-inland contrast". Annals of Human Genetics. 73 (Pt 6): 568–581. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2009.00538.x. PMC 3312577. PMID 19686289.

[9] John Joseph (2000). The Modern Assyrians of the Middle East. p. 30. ISBN 978-9004116412. Archived from the original on 2017-10-19. Retrieved 2015-11-14.

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