Christian Wolff (philosopher)

Christian Wolff
Christian Wolff
Born	24 January 1679; Breslau, Duchies of Silesia, Holy Roman Empire; (present-day Wrocław, Poland)
Died	9 April 1754 (aged 75); Halle an der Saale, Duchy of Magdeburg, Kingdom of Prussia, Holy Roman Empire
Education	University of Jena (1699–1702); University of Leipzig (Dr. phil. habil., 1703)
Era	18th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Age of Enlightenment; Rationalism
Institutions	Leipzig University; University of Halle; University of Marburg
Thesis	Philosophia practica universalis, methodo mathematica conscripta (On Universal Practical Philosophy, Composed from the Mathematical Method) (1703)
Academic advisors	Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus; Gottfried Leibniz (epistolary correspondent)
Notable students	Mikhail Lomonosov; A. G. Baumgarten
Main interests	Philosophical logic, metaphysics
Notable ideas	Theoretical philosophy has for its parts ontology (also philosophia prima or general metaphysics) and three special metaphysical disciplines (rational psychology, rational cosmology, rational theology); Coining the philosophical term "idealism"

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Christian Wolff (less correctly Wolf,^[5] German: [vɔlf]; also known as Wolfius; ennobled as Christian Freiherr von Wolff in 1745; 24 January 1679 – 9 April 1754) was a German philosopher. Wolff is characterized as one of the most eminent German philosophers between Leibniz and Kant. His life work spanned almost every scholarly subject of his time, displayed and unfolded according to his demonstrative-deductive, mathematical method, which some deem the peak of Enlightenment rationality in Germany.^[6]

Wolff wrote in German as his primary language of scholarly instruction and research, although he did translate his works into Latin for his transnational European audience. A founding father of, among other fields, economics and public administration as academic disciplines,^{[citation needed]} he concentrated especially in these fields, giving advice on practical matters to people in government, and stressing the professional nature of university education.^{[citation needed]}

^ Guyer, Paul; Horstmann, Rolf-Peter (30 August 2015). "Idealism". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford, California: Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.
^ ^a ^b Robert Theis, Alexander Aichele (eds.), Handbuch Christian Wolff, Springer-Verlag, 2017, p. 442.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Brady Bowman, Hegel and the Metaphysics of Absolute Negativity, Cambridge University Press, 2013, p. 66.
^ David E. Cartwright, Schopenhauer: A Biography, Cambridge University Press, 2010, p. 192 n. 41.
^ Cite error: The named reference EB1911 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Corr, Charles A. (1975). "Christian Wolff and Leibniz". Journal of the History of Ideas. 36 (2): 241–262. doi:10.2307/2708926. ISSN 0022-5037. JSTOR 2708926.

[1] Guyer, Paul; Horstmann, Rolf-Peter (30 August 2015). "Idealism". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford, California: Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.

[Theis-2] Robert Theis, Alexander Aichele (eds.), Handbuch Christian Wolff, Springer-Verlag, 2017, p. 442.

[BB-3] Brady Bowman, Hegel and the Metaphysics of Absolute Negativity, Cambridge University Press, 2013, p. 66.

[4] David E. Cartwright, Schopenhauer: A Biography, Cambridge University Press, 2010, p. 192 n. 41.

[EB1911-5] Cite error: The named reference EB1911 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[6] Corr, Charles A. (1975). "Christian Wolff and Leibniz". Journal of the History of Ideas. 36 (2): 241–262. doi:10.2307/2708926. ISSN 0022-5037. JSTOR 2708926.

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Christian Wolff

Born	(1679-01-24)24 January 1679 Breslau, Duchies of Silesia, Holy Roman Empire (present-day Wrocław, Poland)
Died	9 April 1754(1754-04-09) (aged 75) Halle an der Saale, Duchy of Magdeburg, Kingdom of Prussia, Holy Roman Empire
Education	University of Jena (1699–1702)^[2] University of Leipzig (Dr. phil. habil., 1703)

Era	18th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Age of Enlightenment Rationalism
Institutions	Leipzig University University of Halle University of Marburg
Thesis	Philosophia practica universalis, methodo mathematica conscripta (On Universal Practical Philosophy, Composed from the Mathematical Method) (1703)
Academic advisors	Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus Gottfried Leibniz (epistolary correspondent)
Notable students	Mikhail Lomonosov A. G. Baumgarten
Main interests	Philosophical logic, metaphysics
Notable ideas	Theoretical philosophy has for its parts ontology (also philosophia prima or general metaphysics) and three special metaphysical disciplines (rational psychology, rational cosmology, rational theology) Coining the philosophical term "idealism"^[1]