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bell hooks | |
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 bell hooks in October 2014 | |
| Born | Gloria Jean Watkins September 25, 1952 Hopkinsville, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Died | December 15, 2021 (aged 69) Berea, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Education | |
| Occupations |
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| Years active | 1978–2018 |
| Known for | Oppositional gaze |
| Notable work | |
| Website | web |
Gloria Jean Watkins (September 25, 1952 – December 15, 2021), better known by her pen name bell hooks (stylized in lowercase),[1] was an American author, theorist, educator, and social critic who was a Distinguished Professor in Residence at Berea College. She was best known for her writings on race, feminism, and class.[2][3] She used the lower-case spelling of her name to decenter herself and draw attention to her work instead. The focus of hooks' writing was to explore the intersectionality of race, capitalism, and gender, and what she described as their ability to produce and perpetuate systems of oppression and class domination. She published around 40 books, including works that ranged from essays, poetry, and children's books. She published numerous scholarly articles, appeared in documentary films, and participated in public lectures. Her work addressed love, race, social class, gender, art, history, sexuality, mass media, and feminism.[4]
She began her academic career in 1976 teaching English and ethnic studies at the University of Southern California. She later taught at several institutions including Stanford University, Yale University, New College of Florida, and The City College of New York, before joining Berea College in Berea, Kentucky, in 2004.[5] In 2014, hooks also founded the bell hooks Institute at Berea College.[6] Her pen name was borrowed from her maternal great-grandmother, Bell Blair Hooks.[7]
- ^ Smith, Dinitia (September 28, 2006). "Tough arbiter on the web has guidance for writers". The New York Times. p. E3. Archived from the original on July 3, 2018. Retrieved February 21, 2017.
But the Chicago Manual says it is not all right to capitalize the name of the writer Bell Hooks because she insists that it be lower case.
- ^ Knight, Lucy (December 15, 2021). "Bell Hooks, author and activist, dies aged 69". The Guardian. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ Tikkanen, Amy (November 27, 2019). "Bell Hooks | American scholar". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Stanford University. Retrieved March 31, 2022.
- ^ Hsu, Hua (December 15, 2021). "The Revolutionary Writing of Bell Hooks". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on December 16, 2021. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
- ^ "Get to Know Bell Hooks". The Bell Hooks center. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
- ^ "About the Bell Hooks institute". Bell Hooks institute. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved December 17, 2021., via archive.org
- ^ hooks, bell, "Inspired Eccentricity: Sarah and Gus Oldham" in Sharon Sloan Fiffer and Steve Fiffer (eds), Family: American Writers Remember Their Own, New York: Vintage Books, 1996, p. 152.
hooks, bell, Talking Back, Routledge, 2014 [1989], p. 161.
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