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Edmonton

This article is about the city in Canada. For the town in England, see Edmonton, London. For other uses, see Edmonton (disambiguation).

Edmonton
City
City of Edmonton
From top, left to right: Walterdale Bridge and Downtown Edmonton skyline, Legislature Building, Art Gallery of Alberta, Fort Edmonton Park, Muttart Conservatory, Law Courts Building, West Edmonton Mall
From top, left to right: Walterdale Bridge and Downtown Edmonton skyline, Legislature Building, Art Gallery of Alberta, Fort Edmonton Park, Muttart Conservatory, Law Courts Building, West Edmonton Mall
Flag of Edmonton
Flag
Coat of arms of Edmonton
Coat of arms
Official logo of Edmonton
Logo
Nicknames: 
Canada's Festival City, City of Champions, The Oil Capital of Canada more...[1]
Motto(s): 
Industry, integrity, progress
Edmonton is located in Canada
Edmonton
Edmonton
Location of Edmonton in Alberta
Edmonton is located in Alberta
Edmonton
Edmonton
Edmonton (Alberta)
Coordinates: 53°32′04″N 113°29′25″W / 53.53444°N 113.49028°W / 53.53444; -113.49028[2]
CountryCanada
ProvinceAlberta
RegionEdmonton Metropolitan Region
Census division11
Adjacent Specialized municipalityStrathcona County
Adjacent municipal districtsLeduc County, Parkland County and Sturgeon County
Founded1795
Incorporated[3][4] 
 • TownJanuary 9, 1892
 • CityOctober 8, 1904
Amalgamated[3]February 12, 1912
Named forEdmonton, London
Government
 • BodyEdmonton City Council
 • MayorAmarjeet Sohi
 • ManagerAndre Corbould[5]
Area
 (2021)[6]
 • Land765.61 km2 (295.60 sq mi)
 • Urban
627.20 km2 (242.16 sq mi)
 • Metro
9,416.19 km2 (3,635.61 sq mi)
Elevation
[7]
645 m (2,116 ft)
Population
 (2021)[6][10][11]
 • City1,010,899 (5th)
 • Density1,320.4/km2 (3,420/sq mi)
 • Urban
1,151,635 (5th)
 • Urban density1,836.2/km2 (4,756/sq mi)
 • Metro
1,418,118 (6th)
 • Metro density150.6/km2 (390/sq mi)
 • Municipal census (2019)
972,223[8]
 • Estimate (2022)
1,087,803[9]
DemonymEdmontonian
Time zoneUTC−07:00 (MST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−06:00 (MDT)
FSAs
T5A – T6Y
Area codes780, 587, 825, 368
NTS Map83H5 Leduc, 83H6 Cooking Lake, 83H11 Edmonton, 83H12 St. Albert
GNBC CodeIACMP[2]
GDP (Edmonton CMA)CA$87.48 billion (2020)[12]
GDP per capita (Edmonton CMA)CA$63,601 (2022)[13]
Websiteedmonton.ca Edit this at Wikidata

Edmonton (/ˈɛdməntən/ ⓘ ED-mən-tən) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Alberta. Edmonton is situated on the North Saskatchewan River and is the centre of the Edmonton Metropolitan Region, which is surrounded by Alberta's central region. The city anchors the northern end of what Statistics Canada defines as the "Calgary–Edmonton Corridor", a region spanning between Edmonton and the city of Calgary, Alberta’s largest city, which includes the many smaller municipalities between the two.[14]

As of 2021, Edmonton had a city population of 1,010,899 and a metropolitan population of 1,418,118, making it the fifth-largest city[15][16] and sixth-largest metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada.[17][18] Edmonton is both the northernmost city and metropolitan area in North America to have a population of over one million.[19] A resident of Edmonton is known as an Edmontonian.[20]

Edmonton was first inhabited by several First Nations peoples, namely of Algonquian, Athabaskan and Siouan origin. These peoples and their ancestors inhabited the area of the modern city to varying amounts beginning at the close of the last glacial period, perhaps as early as 12,000 BC.[21] The city was also a historic site for the Métis, who held many narrow lots along the North Saskatchewan which gave access to many resources in the area. By 1882, these lots numbered about 44, which was their peak, as they would soon be displaced and integrated by the expansion of the city of Edmonton.[22] Anthony Henday may have been the first European to enter the area of modern-day Edmonton, whilst exploring the prairies of Rupert's Land for the Hudson's Bay Company in the autumn of 1754.[23] By 1795, many trading posts had been established around the present metropolitan area, and by 1801 they had all moved to the current site of the city of Edmonton.[24] "Fort Edmonton", as it was known, became the main centre for trade in the area after the 1821 merger of the HBC and the NWC.[24] Edmonton remained sparse until the Canadian acquisition of Rupert's Land in 1870, followed eventually by the arrival of the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1891, its inauguration as a city in 1904 and its designation as the capital of the new province of Alberta in 1906.[25] Edmonton's historic growth as a city has been facilitated through the absorption of five adjacent urban municipalities (Strathcona, North Edmonton, West Edmonton, Beverly and Jasper Place)[26] in addition to a series of annexations through 1982,[27] and the annexation of 8,260 ha (82.6 km2; 31.9 sq mi) of land from Leduc County and the City of Beaumont on January 1, 2019.[28] Known as the "Gateway to the North",[29] the city is now a staging point for large-scale oil sands projects occurring in northern Alberta and large-scale diamond mining operations in the Northwest Territories.[30]

Edmonton is a cultural, governmental and educational centre. It hosts a year-round slate of festivals, reflected in the nickname "Canada's Festival City".[1] It is home to Canada's largest mall, West Edmonton Mall (the world's largest mall from 1981 until 2004);[31][32][33] and Fort Edmonton Park, Canada's largest living history museum.[34]

  1. ^ a b "Economic Development Edmonton 'Branding Edmonton' Initiative" (Doc). City of Edmonton. March 28, 2003. Archived from the original on February 11, 2015. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
  2. ^ a b "Edmonton". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
  3. ^ a b "Location and History Profile: City of Edmonton" (PDF). Alberta Municipal Affairs. June 17, 2016. p. 43. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 25, 2016. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  4. ^ "City of Edmonton Population, Historical" (PDF). City of Edmonton, Planning and Development Department. August 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
  5. ^ "Municipal Officials Search". Alberta Municipal Affairs. May 9, 2019. Retrieved October 1, 2021.
  6. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference 2021censusb was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "Alberta Private Sewage Systems 2009 Standard of Practice Handbook: Appendix A.3 Alberta Design Data (A.3.A. Alberta Climate Design Data by Town)" (PDF) (PDF). Safety Codes Council. January 2012. pp. 212–215 (PDF pages 226–229). Archived (PDF) from the original on October 16, 2013. Retrieved October 8, 2013.
  8. ^ "2019 Municipal Census Results". City of Edmonton. September 5, 2019. Archived from the original on September 16, 2019. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
  9. ^ "Census Subdivision (Municipal) Population Estimates, July 1, 2016 to 2022, Alberta". Alberta Municipal Affairs. January 11, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2023.
  10. ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada and population centres". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference 2021censusCMA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ "Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by census metropolitan area (CMA)". December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ Why Calgary? Our Economy in Depth
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference CRBGeoProfile was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (February 9, 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
  16. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Alberta)". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Archived from the original on February 11, 2017. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  17. ^ "Statistics Canada. 2022. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released February 9, 2022". Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population. February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
  18. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for census metropolitan areas, 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Archived from the original on February 11, 2017. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
  19. ^ "About Edmonton | Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging". www.ualberta.ca. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  20. ^ Aubrey, Merrily (2004). Naming Edmonton: From Ada to Zoie. University of Alberta Press. pp. 17, 25, 34, 138, 214. ISBN 0-88864-423-X.
  21. ^ Cite error: The named reference :9 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ "Métis in Treaty 6 & Relationship to Fort Edmonton Park". www.fortedmontonpark.ca. January 2022. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  23. ^ "Anthony Henday | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  24. ^ a b "Edmonton | History, Facts, Map, & Points of Interest | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  25. ^ Lambert, Tim (March 14, 2021). "A History of Edmonton". Local Histories. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
  26. ^ "Population History". City of Edmonton. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved November 24, 2012. [Thus Edmonton is said to be a combination of two cities, two towns and two villages.]
  27. ^ History of Annexations (PDF) (Map). City of Edmonton, Planning and Development Department. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 30, 2014. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
  28. ^ City of Edmonton. "Leduc County Annexation". Archived from the original on January 6, 2019. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  29. ^ "City Centre Airport (Gateway to the North)". Aviation Edmonton. Archived from the original on August 7, 2013. Retrieved March 5, 2014.
  30. ^ The Diavik Diamond Mine. "Historical The Diavik Diamond Mine". Archived from the original on August 29, 2008. Retrieved March 1, 2009.
  31. ^ West Edmonton Mall. "Welcome to West Edmonton Mall's Website". West Edmonton Mall. Archived from the original on June 1, 2010. Retrieved February 27, 2009.
  32. ^ "American Dream, a mega mall and entertainment complex, to open in N.J.: Who will come?". NBC News. The Associated Press. October 25, 2019. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  33. ^ Porter, David (March 13, 2020). "American Dream mall to close for March due to virus concerns". Rogers Media. The Associated Press. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  34. ^ Marketwire (March 17, 2009). "Edmonton Attractions Make Canada's Festival City a Family Affair". Reuters. Archived from the original on March 4, 2014. Retrieved December 7, 2011.

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