Feminist method

The feminist method is a means of conducting investigations and generating theory from an explicitly feminist standpoint.^[1] Feminist methodologies are varied, but tend to have a few common aims or characteristics, including seeking to overcome biases in research, bringing about social change, displaying human diversity, and acknowledging the position of the researcher.^[2] Questioning normal scientific reasoning is another form of the feminist method.^[3]

Each of these methods must consist of different parts including: collection of evidence, testing of theories, presentation of data, and room for rebuttals.^{[citation needed]} How research is scientifically backed up affects the results. Like consciousness raising, some feminist methods affect the collective emotions of women, when things like political statistics are more of a structural result When knowledge is either constructed by experiences, or discovered, it needs to both be reliable and valid.^[4]

Strong feminist supporters of this are Nancy Hartsock, Hilary Rose, and finally Sandra Harding.^[5] Feminist sociologists have made important contributions to this debate as they began to criticize positivism as a philosophical framework and, more specifically, its most acute methodological instrument—that of quantitative methods for its practice of detached and objective scientific research and the objectification of research subjects (Graham 1983b; Reinharz 1979).

More recently, feminist scholars have argued that quantitative methods are compatible with a feminist approach, so long as they are attentive to feminist theory.^[6] These methodological critiques were well placed against a backdrop of feminist scholarship struggling to find a place for alternative values within the academy. Such concerns emerged from a sense of despair and anger that knowledge, both academic and popular, was based on men's lives, male ways of thinking, and directed toward the problems articulated by men. Dorothy Smith (1974) argued that "sociology ... has been based on and built up within the male social universe".

^ Reinharz, Shulamit; Davidman, Lynn (April 30, 1992). Feminist Methods in Social Research. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-19-507386-7.
^ Reinharz, Shulamit; Davidman, Lynn (April 30, 1992). Feminist Methods in Social Research. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 249–269. ISBN 978-0-19-507386-7.
^ Reinharz, Shulamit; Davidman, Lynn (April 30, 1992). Feminist Methods in Social Research. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 247. ISBN 978-0-19-507386-7.
^ Bird, Sharon. "Feminist Methods of Research". Iowa State University.
^ Code, Lorriane. "Feminist Epistomology". Routlage Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Archived from the original on 3 May 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
^ Harnois, Catherine E. (2013). Feminist measures in survey research. Thousand Oaks: SAGE. ISBN 9781412988353. OCLC 754105745.

[1] Reinharz, Shulamit; Davidman, Lynn (April 30, 1992). Feminist Methods in Social Research. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-19-507386-7.

[2] Reinharz, Shulamit; Davidman, Lynn (April 30, 1992). Feminist Methods in Social Research. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 249–269. ISBN 978-0-19-507386-7.

[3] Reinharz, Shulamit; Davidman, Lynn (April 30, 1992). Feminist Methods in Social Research. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 247. ISBN 978-0-19-507386-7.

[4] Bird, Sharon. "Feminist Methods of Research". Iowa State University.

[5] Code, Lorriane. "Feminist Epistomology". Routlage Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Archived from the original on 3 May 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2011.

[6] Harnois, Catherine E. (2013). Feminist measures in survey research. Thousand Oaks: SAGE. ISBN 9781412988353. OCLC 754105745.

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