Lazar Kaganovich

Lazar Kaganovich
Лазарь Каганович
Kaganovich in the 1930s
First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union
In office 5 March 1953 – 29 June 1957
Premier	Georgy Malenkov Nikolai Bulganin Nikita Khrushchev
Preceded by	Lavrentiy Beria
Succeeded by	Anastas Mikoyan
Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union
In office 21 August 1938 – 5 March 1953
Premier	Vyacheslav Molotov Joseph Stalin
Second Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
In office December 1930 – 21 March 1939
Preceded by	Vyacheslav Molotov
Succeeded by	Andrei Zhdanov
Personal details
Born	Lazar Moiseyevich Kaganovich (1893-11-22)22 November 1893 Kabany, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire (now Dibrova, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine)
Died	25 July 1991(1991-07-25) (aged 97) Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Resting place	Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow
Nationality	Soviet
Political party	RSDLP (Bolsheviks) (1911–1918) CPSU (1918–1961)
Signature
Central institution membership 1930–1957: Full Member, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th and 20th Politburo 1926–1930: Candidate Member, 14th & 15th Politburo 1924–25 & 1928–1939: Member, 13th, 15th, 16th, and 17th Secretariat 1924–26 & 1928–1946: Member, 13th, 15th, 16th, 17th & 18th Orgburo 1924–57: Full member, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th Central Committee Other offices held 1955–1956: Chairman of State Committee on Labor and Salary 1948–1952: Chairman of State Committee on Materiel-Technical Supply for National Economy 1944–47 & 1956–57: Minister of Construction Materials Industry 1941: Chairman of Council on Evacuation 1939–40:People's Commissar of Oil Industry 1939: People's Commissar of Fuel Industry 1937–39: People's Commissar of Heavy Industry 1935–37,1938–42 & 1943–44: People's Commissar for Transport 1931–1934: First Secretary of the Communist Party of Moscow 1930–1935: First Secretary of the Communist Party of Moscow Oblast 1925–28 & 1947: First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine

Lazar Moiseyevich Kaganovich^[a] (Russian: Лазарь Моисеевич Каганович; 22 November [O.S. 10 November] 1893 – 25 July 1991), was a Soviet politician and administrator, and one of the main associates of Joseph Stalin. He was one of several associates who helped Stalin to seize power.

Born to Jewish parents in 1893, Kaganovich worked as a shoemaker and became a member of the Bolsheviks, joining the party around 1911. As an organizer, Kaganovich was active in Yuzovka, Saratov and Belarus throughout the 1910s, and led a revolt in Belarus during the 1917 October Revolution. In the early 1920s, he helped consolidate Soviet rule in Turkestan. In 1922, Stalin placed Kaganovich in charge of organizational work within the Communist Party, through which he helped Stalin consolidate his grip of the party bureaucracy. Kaganovich rose quickly through the ranks, becoming a full member of the Central Committee in 1924, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine in 1925, and Secretary of the Central Committee as well as a member of the Politburo in 1930. From the mid-1930s onwards, Kaganovich served as people's commissar for Railways, Heavy Industry and Oil Industry.

During the Second World War, Kaganovich was commissar of the North Caucasian and Transcaucasian Fronts. After the war, apart from serving in various industrial posts, Kaganovich was also made deputy head of the Soviet government. After Stalin's death in 1953 he quickly lost influence. Following an unsuccessful coup attempt against Nikita Khrushchev in 1957, Kaganovich was forced to retire from the Presidium and the Central Committee. In 1961 he was expelled from the party, and lived out his life as a pensioner in Moscow. At his death in 1991, he was the last surviving Old Bolshevik.^[1] The Soviet Union itself outlasted him by only five months, dissolving on 26 December 1991.

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