Alexander (2004 film)

Alexander
Alexander
	Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Oliver Stone
Screenplay by	Oliver Stone; Christopher Kyle; Laeta Kalogridis;
Based on	Alexander the Great; by Robin Lane Fox
Produced by	Thomas Schühly; Jon Kilik; Iain Smith; Moritz Borman;
Starring	Colin Farrell; Angelina Jolie; Val Kilmer; Jared Leto; Rosario Dawson; Anthony Hopkins;
Cinematography	Rodrigo Prieto
Edited by	Thomas J. Nordberg; Yann Hervé; Alex Marquez;
Music by	Vangelis
Production; companies	Intermedia Films; Ixtlan Productions; France 3 Cinéma; Pacific Film; Egmond Film & Television; IMF Internationale Medien und Film GmbH & Co. 3 Produktions KG;
Distributed by	Warner Bros. Pictures (United States/United Kingdom/Italy); Constantin Film (Germany); Pathé Distribution (France); A-Film Distribution (Netherlands);
Release dates	16 November 2004 (Hollywood); 24 November 2004 (United States); 23 December 2004 (Germany/Netherlands); 5 January 2005 (France); 14 January 2005 (Italy);
Running time	175 minutes
Countries	Germany; France; Italy; Netherlands; United Kingdom; United States;
Language	English
Budget	$155 million
Box office	$167.3 million

Alexander is a 2004 epic historical drama film based on the life of the ancient Macedonian general and king Alexander the Great.^[4] It was directed by Oliver Stone and starred Colin Farrell. The film's original screenplay derived in part from the book Alexander the Great, published in 1973 by the University of Oxford historian Robin Lane Fox. After release, while it performed well in Europe, the American critical reaction was negative. It grossed $167 million worldwide against a $155 million budget, thus making it a commercial failure.

Four versions of the film exist, the initial theatrical cut and three home video director's cuts: the "Director's Cut" in 2005, the "Final Cut" in 2007, and the "Ultimate Cut" in 2014. The two earlier DVD versions of Alexander ("director's cut" version and the theatrical version) sold over 3.5 million copies in the United States.^[5] Oliver Stone's third version, Alexander Revisited: The Final Cut (2007), sold nearly a million copies and became one of the highest-selling catalog items from Warner Bros (as of 2012^[update]).^[6]

^ "Alexander (15)". British Board of Film Classification. 19 November 2004. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
^ "Alexander". American Film Institute Catalog of Motion Pictures. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference bom was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Carver, Terrell (Spring 2005). "Oliver Stone's Alexander". Film & History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Film and Television Studies. 35 (2). Center for the Study of Film & History: 83–84. doi:10.1353/flm.2005.0033. eISSN 1548-9922. ISSN 0360-3695. S2CID 191432461.
^ Retrieved from Videobusiness.com
^ "Words from Oliver Stone: Thank you very... - Alexander: Revisited". Facebook. Retrieved 4 December 2013.

[1] "Alexander (15)". British Board of Film Classification. 19 November 2004. Retrieved 9 December 2016.

[2] "Alexander". American Film Institute Catalog of Motion Pictures. Retrieved 20 August 2014.

[bom-3] Cite error: The named reference bom was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Terrell_2005-4] Carver, Terrell (Spring 2005). "Oliver Stone's Alexander". Film & History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Film and Television Studies. 35 (2). Center for the Study of Film & History: 83–84. doi:10.1353/flm.2005.0033. eISSN 1548-9922. ISSN 0360-3695. S2CID 191432461.

[5] Retrieved from Videobusiness.com

[6] "Words from Oliver Stone: Thank you very... - Alexander: Revisited". Facebook. Retrieved 4 December 2013.

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