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| Buddha Purnima | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Buddha's Birthday celebration in Seoul, South Korea | |
| Also called | Buddha Jayanti Buddha's Birthday Vesākha बुद्ध पूर्णिमा बुद्ध पौर्णिमा ဗုဒ္ဓမွေးနေ့ বুদ্ধ পূর্ণিমা ବୁଦ୍ଧ ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣିମା Fódàn (佛誕) Phật Đản Chopa-il |
| Observed by | Buddhists in East Asia and Buddhists and some Hindus in South and Southeast Asia (as Vesak) |
| Type | Buddhist, cultural |
| Significance | Commemoration of the birth of Gautama Buddha |
| Date | varies by region:
|
| 2023 date | 26 May (China, Vietnam, the Philippines and East Asia) |
| 2024 date | 15 May (China, Hong Kong, Vietnam, the Philippines and East Asia) 15 May (Bangladesh) 23 May (India, Nepal)[1] 26 May (Tibet, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia) |
| 2025 date | 5 May (China, Vietnam, the Philippines and East Asia) |
| Frequency | annual |
| Related to | Vesak |
Buddha's Birthday or Buddha Day (also known as Buddha Jayanti, Buddha Purnima, and Buddha Pournami) is a primarily Buddhist festival that is celebrated in most of South, Southeast and East Asia, commemorating the birth of the prince Siddhartha Gautama, who became the Gautama Buddha and founded Buddhism. According to Buddhist tradition and archaeologists, Gautama Buddha, c. 563-483 BCE, was born at Lumbini in Nepal.[2] Buddha's mother was Queen Maya Devi, who delivered the Buddha while undertaking a journey to her native home, and his father was King Śuddhodana.[3] The Mayadevi Temple, its gardens, and an Ashoka Pillar dating from 249 BCE mark the Buddha's birth place at Lumbini.[4]
The exact year of Buddha's birthday is based on the Sri Lankan convention, while several Asian lunisolar calendars ascribe to different lunar days. The date for the celebration of Buddha's birthday therefore varies from year to year in the Western Gregorian calendar, but it is usually celebrated in either April or May. During leap years, the birthday may be celebrated in June.
In South and Southeast Asia, the Buddha's birth is celebrated as part of Vesak, a festival that also celebrates the Buddha's enlightenment (on the day of the full moon) and his mahaparinirvana. In Tibetan Buddhism, Buddha's birth (7th day of the 4th Month) is celebrated separately from Saga Dawa Duchen, the annual festival celebrating his enlightenment and mahaparinirvana (15th Day of the 4th Month).[5] In East Asia, Vietnam and the Philippines, the enlightenment and death of the Buddha are observed as separate holidays.
- ^ "Buddha Purnima - May 26, 2021". 26 May 2021.
- ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 26 May 2021.Gopinath Mohapatra (4 October 2012). "Two Birth Plates of Buddha" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2012. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- ^ "Buddha Purnima 2023: Date, Timings, Story, Teachings and Significance". The Times of India. 5 May 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
- ^ "Buddha's birthday in his birthplace". nepalitimes.com. 22 May 2021. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
- ^ "Rigpa Tibetan Calendar 2023-2024, Water Rabbit Year 2150", p.54,56. Terton Sogyal Trust : Zam, 2022.
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