Monoamine oxidase B

MAOB
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1GOS, 1OJ9, 1OJA, 1OJC, 1OJD, 1S2Q, 1S2Y, 1S3B, 1S3E, 2BK3, 2BK4, 2BK5, 2BYB, 2C64, 2C65, 2C66, 2C67, 2C70, 2C72, 2C73, 2C75, 2C76, 2V5Z, 2V60, 2V61, 2VRL, 2VRM, 2VZ2, 2XCG, 2XFN, 2XFO, 2XFP, 2XFQ, 2XFU, 3PO7, 3ZYX, 4A79, 4A7A, 4CRT
Identifiers
Aliases	MAOB, Monoamine oxidase B
External IDs	OMIM: 309860 MGI: 96916 HomoloGene: 20251 GeneCards: MAOB
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	X chromosome (human)
End	43,882,450 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	X chromosome (mouse)
End	16,683,605 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	saphenous vein; ; external globus pallidus; ; middle frontal gyrus; ; hypothalamus; ; superior vestibular nucleus; ; liver; ; right lobe of liver; ; urethra; ; left uterine tube; ; myometrium;
	Top expressed in
	left lobe of liver; ; upper respiratory tract; ; olfactory epithelium; ; medial dorsal nucleus; ; islet of Langerhans; ; interventricular septum; ; myocardium of ventricle; ; superior cervical ganglion; ; yolk sac; ; brown adipose tissue;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein homodimerization activity; flavin adenine dinucleotide binding; electron transfer activity; oxidoreductase activity; primary amine oxidase activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; membrane; mitochondrial outer membrane; mitochondrion; mitochondrial inner membrane; mitochondrial envelope; extracellular exosome;
Biological process	response to selenium ion; substantia nigra development; response to corticosterone; response to steroid hormone; negative regulation of serotonin secretion; response to lipopolysaccharide; response to aluminum ion; dopamine catabolic process; hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process; response to ethanol; response to toxic substance; positive regulation of dopamine metabolic process; neurotransmitter catabolic process; electron transport chain;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	4129
	109731
	ENSG00000069535
	ENSMUSG00000040147
	P27338
	Q8BW75
	NM_000898
	NM_172778
	NP_000889
	NP_766366
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Monoamine oxidase B, also known as MAO-B, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAOB gene.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family. It is an enzyme located in the outer mitochondrial membrane. It catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and plays an important role in the catabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. This protein preferentially degrades benzylamine and phenethylamine.^[5] Similar to monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), MAO-B is also involved in the catabolism of dopamine.^[6]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000069535 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000040147 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: MAOB monoamine oxidase B".
^ Tan YY, Jenner P, Chen SD (2022). "Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease: Past, Present, and Future". Journal of Parkinson's Disease. 12 (2): 477–493. doi:10.3233/JPD-212976. PMC 8925102. PMID 34957948. There are two MAO isoenzymes: MAO-A and MAO-B. MAO-A is mainly distributed in the gastrointestinal tract, platelets, and heart, and can promote the metabolism of tyramine-containing substances in food so avoiding hypertensive crises caused by the accumulation of tyramine ("cheese reaction"). MAO-A also exists in catecholaminergic neurons, such as dopaminergic neurons in SN, norepinephrine neurons in locus coeruleus, etc. [18]. MAO-B is mainly distributed in platelets and glial cells, and total MAO activity within the brain is composed of approximately 20% MAO-A and 80% MAO-B [19–22]. Both MAO-A and MAO-B regulate the amine neurotransmitters, including dopamine. MAO-A metabolizes dopamine in presynaptic neurons, while MAO-B metabolizes dopamine released to synaptic cleft and taken up by glial cells. The number of glial cells was shown to increase with age, and in neurodegenerative diseases, as expected, the activity of MAO-B also increased [23–25]. MAO-B inhibitors inhibit MAO-B activity in the brain, block dopamine catabolism, enhance dopamine signaling, and selectively enhance dopamine levels at synaptic cleft [21].

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000069535 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000040147 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[5] "Entrez Gene: MAOB monoamine oxidase B".

[Tan_2022-6] Tan YY, Jenner P, Chen SD (2022). "Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease: Past, Present, and Future". Journal of Parkinson's Disease. 12 (2): 477–493. doi:10.3233/JPD-212976. PMC 8925102. PMID 34957948. There are two MAO isoenzymes: MAO-A and MAO-B. MAO-A is mainly distributed in the gastrointestinal tract, platelets, and heart, and can promote the metabolism of tyramine-containing substances in food so avoiding hypertensive crises caused by the accumulation of tyramine ("cheese reaction"). MAO-A also exists in catecholaminergic neurons, such as dopaminergic neurons in SN, norepinephrine neurons in locus coeruleus, etc. [18]. MAO-B is mainly distributed in platelets and glial cells, and total MAO activity within the brain is composed of approximately 20% MAO-A and 80% MAO-B [19–22]. Both MAO-A and MAO-B regulate the amine neurotransmitters, including dopamine. MAO-A metabolizes dopamine in presynaptic neurons, while MAO-B metabolizes dopamine released to synaptic cleft and taken up by glial cells. The number of glial cells was shown to increase with age, and in neurodegenerative diseases, as expected, the activity of MAO-B also increased [23–25]. MAO-B inhibitors inhibit MAO-B activity in the brain, block dopamine catabolism, enhance dopamine signaling, and selectively enhance dopamine levels at synaptic cleft [21].

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]