Tabernanthe iboga

Tabernanthe iboga (iboga) is an evergreen rainforest shrub native to Central Africa. A member of the Apocynaceae family indigenous to Gabon, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Republic of Congo, it is cultivated across Central Africa for its medicinal and other effects.

In African traditional medicine and rituals, the yellowish root or bark is used to produce hallucinations and near-death outcomes, with some fatalities occurring.^[3]^[4] In high doses, ibogaine is considered to be toxic, and has caused serious comorbidities when used with opioids or prescription drugs.^[3]^[5] The United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) lists ibogaine as a controlled substance of the Controlled Substances Act.^[3]

^ "Tabernanthe iboga Baill". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Archived from the original on July 10, 2020. Retrieved July 8, 2020.
^ "Tabernanthe iboga Baill". World Flora Online. The World Flora Online Consortium. n.d. Archived from the original on July 8, 2020. Retrieved July 8, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Iboga". Drugs.com. January 23, 2019. Archived from the original on June 1, 2008. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
^ Koenig, Xaver; Hilber, Karlheinz (January 29, 2015). "The Anti-Addiction Drug Ibogaine and the Heart: A Delicate Relation". Molecules. 20 (2): 2208–2228. doi:10.3390/molecules20022208. ISSN 1420-3049. PMC 4382526. PMID 26807959.
^ "Ibogaine". ToxNet, National Library of Medicine, US National Institutes of Health. September 4, 2014. Archived from the original on October 28, 2019. Retrieved October 28, 2019.