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Ahmadiyya is an Islamic religious movement originating in 1889 in northern India around the teachings of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835–1908), who claimed to have been divinely appointed as both the promised Mahdi and Messiah expected by Muslims to appear towards the end times.
As of 2016[update] the Community has been established in 209 countries and territories of the world.[1][2][3][n 1] with concentrations in South Asia, West Africa, East Africa and Indonesia. The Community is a minority Muslim group in almost every country of the world. On the other hand, it has spread to most countries of the world.[4][5] In some countries, it is practically illegal to be an Ahmadi Muslim. For instance, in Pakistan, following Ordinance XX, Ahmadis cannot call themselves Muslims, profess the Islamic creed publicly or call their places of worship mosques. The religious slur "Qadiani" has been used against Ahmadi Muslims and the community has also been persecuted. Together, these factors make it difficult to estimate the Ahmadiyya population for both the Community itself and as well as independent organizations. For this reason, the Community gives a figure of "tens of millions";[6] however, most independent sources variously estimate the population to be at least 10 to 20 million[7] worldwide, thereby representing around 1% of the world's Muslim population.[n 2]
According to the World Christian Encyclopedia, the Ahmadiyya movement is the fastest growing Islamic group as of the early 21st century.[n 3] The country with the largest Ahmadiyya population is Pakistan, with an estimated 4 million Ahmadi Muslims.[8] Excluding small nations, the country with the largest proportion of Ahmadi Muslims to the wider Muslim population is Ghana, standing at 16%. The country with the highest percentage of the overall population is Sierra Leone standing at over 8%.
The population is almost entirely contained in the single, organized and united movement, commonly referred to as the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community (AMC), headed by the Khalifa. The other is the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement, a separatist group which, though historically significant, has failed to attract a sizeable following representing less than 0.2% of the total Ahmadiyya population.[n 4]
- ^ "More than 584,000 people join Ahmadiyya Muslim Community as annual convention held". swlondener.co.uk. August 15, 2016. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
- ^ "More than 584,000 people join the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community". Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Press and Media Office. August 18, 2016. Archived from the original on September 11, 2016. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
- ^ "Argyll's Magnus MacFarlane-Barrow to receive Muslim peace prize". Retrieved February 15, 2015.
- ^ Baumann, Martin; Melton, J. Gordon (2010). Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices, second Edition [6 volumes]: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices. ABC-CLIO. p. 58. ISBN 9781598842043.
- ^ Duff, Michael (2008-07-31). Salam + 50. World Scientific. ISBN 9781908978899.
- ^ "An Overview". Al Islam. Retrieved March 4, 2014.
- ^ See:
- Breach of Faith. Human Rights Watch. June 2005. p. 8. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
Estimates of around 20 million would be appropriate
- Larry DeVries; Don Baker; Dan Overmyer (2011-01-01). Asian Religions in British Columbia. University of Columbia Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-1662-5. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
The community currently numbers around 15 million spread around the world
- Juan Eduardo Campo (2009). Encyclopedia of Islam. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-8160-5454-1. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
The total size of the Ahmadiyya community in 2001 was estimated to be more than 10 million
- "Ahmadiyya Muslims". pbs.org. 20 January 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2013.
- Breach of Faith. Human Rights Watch. June 2005. p. 8. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
- ^ The 1998 Pakistani census states that there are 291,000 (0.22%) Ahmadis in Pakistan. However, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community has boycotted the census since 1974 which renders official Pakistani figures to be inaccurate. Independent groups have estimated the Pakistani Ahmadiyya population to be somewhere between 2 million and 4 million Ahmadis with the 4 million figure being the most quoted figure and accounting for approximately 2.2% of the country. See:
- over 2 million: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (2008-12-04). "Pakistan: The situation of Ahmadis, including legal status and political, education and employment rights; societal attitudes toward Ahmadis (2006 - Nov. 2008)". Retrieved 2012-06-28.
- 3 million: International Federation for Human Rights: International Fact-Finding Mission. Freedoms of Expression, of Association and of Assembly in Pakistan. Ausgabe 408/2, Januar 2005, S. 61 (PDF)
- 3–4 million: Commission on International Religious Freedom: Annual Report of the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom. 2005, S. 130
- "Pakistan: Situation of members of the Lahori Ahmadiyya Movement in Pakistan". Retrieved April 30, 2014.
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