Back الجماعة الإسلامية البنغالية Arabic বাংলাদেশ জামায়াতে ইসলামী Bengali/Bangla Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami German Jamaat-e-Islami (Bangladés) Spanish جماعت اسلامی بنگلادش Persian Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami French बांग्लादेश जमात-ए-इस्लामी Hindi Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh ID Associazione Islamica Bengalese Italian イスラム協会 (バングラデシュ) Japanese

Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami

Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami
বাংলাদেশ জামায়াতে ইসলামী
AbbreviationJamaat-e-Islami
AmeerShafiqur Rahman
Secretary GeneralMia Golam Parwar
FounderAbbas Ali Khan (Joypurhat)
Founded1975 (1975)[1]
Banned1 August 2013
Split fromJamaat-e-Islami Pakistan[2]
HeadquartersMogbazar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Student wingBangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir
IdeologyPan-Islamism[3]
Islamism[4]
Islamic fundamentalism[5]
Conservatism (Bangladeshi)
Indoscepticism[6]
Political positionRight-wing to far-right[4]
ReligionIslam[3]
International affiliationMuslim brotherhood
Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan
Jamaat-e-Islami Hind
Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir
Election symbol
Party flag
Website
jamaat-e-islami.org

Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ জামায়াতে ইসলামী, romanized: Bānglādēsh Jāmāyatē Islāmī, lit. 'Bangladesh Islamic Congress'), previously known as Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh, or Jamaat for short,[7] is the largest Islamist political party in Bangladesh.[8][9][10] On 1 August 2013, the Bangladesh Supreme Court cancelled the registration of the Jamaat-e-Islami, ruling that the party is unfit to contest national elections.[11][12][13][14]

Its predecessor, the Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan, strongly opposed the independence of Bangladesh and break-up of Pakistan. In 1971, paramilitary forces associated with the party collaborated with the Pakistan Army in mass killings of Bangladeshi nationalists and pro-intellectuals.[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]

Upon the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, the new government banned Jamaat-e-Islami from political participation since the government was secular and some of its leaders went into exile in Pakistan. Following the assassination of the first president and the military coup in 1975, the ban on the Jamaat was lifted and the new party Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh was formed. Exiled leaders were allowed to return. Abbas Ali Khan was the acting Amir of Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh. The Jamaat agenda is the creation of an "Islamic state" with the Sha'ria legal system, and outlawing "un-Islamic" practices and laws. For this reason, it interpretes their central political concept "Iqamat-e-Deen" as establishing Islamic state by possession of state power.[22]

In the 1980s, the Jamaat joined the multi-party alliance for the restoration of democracy. It later allied with Ziaur Rahman's Bangladesh Nationalist Party and Jamaat leaders became ministers in the two BNP-led regimes of prime minister Begum Khaleda Zia (from 1991 to 1996 and from 2001 to 2006). Awami League also got involved with Jamaat to come to power in 1996.[23] In 2008, it won two of 300 elected seats in Parliament. In 2010 the government, led by the Awami League, began prosecution of war crimes committed during the 1971 war under the International Crimes Tribunal. By 2012, two leaders of the BNP, one leader from Jatiyo Party and eight of Jamaat had been charged with war crimes, and by March 2013, three Jamaat leaders had been convicted of crimes. In response, the Jamaat held major strikes and protests across the country, which led to more than 60 deaths (mostly by security forces)[24] and alleged mass destruction of public and national properties. This prompted calls from the secular community and various secular groups to ban Jamaat-e-Islami as a political party.

  1. ^ (in French) Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh ; Parti islamiste du Bangladesh (fondé en 1941) (interdit entre 1971 et 1978, puis en 2013 par la Cour suprême)
  2. ^ Haqqani, Husain (2005). Pakistan: Between Mosque and Military. Washington, D.C: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. p. 171. ISBN 978-0-87003-214-1.
  3. ^ a b Campo, Juan Eduardo (2009). Encyclopedia of Islam. Infobase Publishing. p. 390. ISBN 978-1-4381-2696-8.
  4. ^ a b Riaz, Ali (2008). Islamist Militancy in Bangladesh: A Complex Web. Routledge. pp. 16, 19. ISBN 978-0-415-45172-7.
  5. ^ "Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI) history". Islamopediaonline.org website. 1 January 2015. Archived from the original on 26 December 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
  6. ^ "Bangladesh: The Wind in Jamaat-e-Islami's Sails is Worrying for India". www-thequint-com.org. 28 June 2023.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Banglapedia was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ "Bangladesh's election: The tenacity of hope". The Economist. 30 December 2008. Retrieved 26 January 2015. [The BNP] seems also to have been hurt by its alliance with Islamist parties, the largest of which, Jamaat-e-Islami, was reduced from 17 seats to just two.
  9. ^ "Jamaat almost finalizes constitution of its new party". Dhaka Tribune. 17 July 2020.
  10. ^ "Bangladesh and war crimes: Blighted at birth". The Economist q. 1 July 2010. West [Pakistan]'s army had the support of many of East Pakistan's Islamist parties. They included Jamaat-e-Islami, still Bangladesh's largest Islamist party ... reinstating and enforcing that original constitution might amount to an outright ban on Jamaat, the standard bearer in Bangladesh for a conservative strain of Islam.
  11. ^ "Jamaat loses registration". bdnews24.com. 1 August 2013. Archived from the original on 18 March 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
  12. ^ "Bangladesh court declares Jamaat illegal". Al Jazeera. 1 August 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  13. ^ "Bangladesh high court restricts Islamist party Jamaat". BBC News. 1 August 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  14. ^ Farid Ahmed; Saeed Ahmed (1 August 2013). "Bangladesh high court declares rules against Islamist party". CNN. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  15. ^ Rubin, Barry A. (2010). Guide to Islamist Movements. M.E. Sharpe. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-7656-1747-7.
  16. ^ "Bangladesh party leader accused of war crimes in 1971 conflict". The Guardian. 3 October 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
  17. ^ "Charges pressed against Ghulam Azam". New Age. Dhaka. 12 December 2011. Archived from the original on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 23 January 2013.
  18. ^ "Ghulam Azam was 'involved'". The Daily Star. 2 November 2011. Retrieved 23 January 2013.
  19. ^ "Bangladesh: Abdul Kader Mullah gets life sentence for war crimes". BBC News. 5 February 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
  20. ^ ভারতীয় চক্রান্ত বরদাস্ত করব না [We will never tolerate Indian conspiracy]. The Daily Sangram. 13 April 1971.
  21. ^ Fair, C. Christine (2010). Pakistan: Can the United States Secure an Insecure State?. Rand Corporation. pp. 21–22. ISBN 978-0-8330-4807-3.
  22. ^ Islam, Nazrul; Islam, Md Saidul (2020). Islam and democracy in South Asia: the case of Bangladesh. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 271, 272, 273. ISBN 978-3-030-42909-6.
  23. ^ "Then with AL, now with BNP". The Daily Star. 5 January 2014.
  24. ^ "Supporters of Awami League-Supporters of Jamaat-e-Islami". Uppsala Conflict Data Project. Archived from the original on 1 October 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2020.

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