Buddhism in Thailand

Buddhism in Thailand

Wat Phra Kaew, one of the most sacred wats in Bangkok
Total population
c. 64 million (95%) in 2015[1][2]
Regions with significant populations
Throughout Thailand
Religions
Theravada Buddhism
Languages
Thai and other languages

Part of a series on
Theravāda Buddhism
Countries Bangladesh Cambodia China India Laos Myanmar Nepal Sri Lanka Thailand Vietnam Western world
Texts Pāli Tipiṭaka Paracanonical texts Commentaries Sub-commentaries Vimuttimagga Visuddhimagga Abhidhammavatara Abhidhammattha-sangaha Yogāvacara's manual
History Pre-sectarian Buddhism Early schools Sthaviras Buddhist councils Vibhajjavada Mahāvihāra Dipavamsa Mahavamsa Pali Text Society
Schools Buddhist modernism Vipassana movement Thai Forest Tradition Sri Lankan Forest Tradition Southern Esoteric Buddhism
Doctrine Abhidhamma Anattā Arhat Five precepts Jhana Kammaṭṭhāna Saṃsāra Nibbāna Meditation Middle Way Seven Aids to Awakening Mindfulness Noble Eightfold Path Four Divine Abodes Four Noble Truths Enlightenment Stages Precepts Three Jewels Vinaya
Key figures Moggaliputta-Tissa Mahinda Sanghamitta Tissa Buddhaghoṣa Buddhadatta Dhammapāla Parakramabahu I Sāriputta Thera Anawrahta Ram Khamhaeng Sumangala Thera Anagarika Dharmapala Mongkut Vajirananavarorasa Ledi Sayadaw U Nu U Nārada Mahasi Sayadaw U Ba Khin S. N. Goenka Mun Bhuridatta Ajahn Chah Maha Ghosananda Kripasaran Mahapragya Pragyananda K. Sri Dhammananda Narada Mahathera Asoka Weeraratna Walpola Rahula Jayatilleke Kalupahana U Dhammaloka Nyanatiloka Nanamoli Nyanaponika Bhikkhu Bodhi Ajahn Sumedho Ajahn Brahm Analayo Varanggana Vanavichayen Dhammananda Bhikkhuni Ayya Tathaaloka Ayya Khema Kee Nanayon Dipa Ma
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Buddhism in Thailand is largely of the Theravada school, which is followed by roughly 93.4 percent of the population.^[2][1][3] Thailand has the second largest Buddhist population in the world, after China,^[4] with approximately 64 million Buddhists. Buddhism in Thailand has also become integrated with folk religion (Bon), Hinduism from millennia of Indian influence,^[5] and Chinese religions from the large Thai Chinese population.^[6][7] Buddhist temples in Thailand are characterized by tall golden stupas, and the Buddhist architecture of Thailand is similar to that in other Southeast Asian countries, particularly Cambodia and Laos, with which Thailand shares cultural and historical heritages. Thai Buddhism also shares many similarities with Sri Lankan Buddhism. Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Laos are countries with Theravada Buddhist majorities.

Buddhism is believed to have come to what is now Thailand as early as the 3rd century BCE,^[8] in the time of the Indian Emperor Ashoka. Since then, Buddhism has played a significant role in Thai culture and society. Buddhism and the Thai monarchy have often been intertwined, with Thai kings historically seen as the main patrons of Buddhism in Thailand. Although politics and religion were generally separated for most of Thai history, Buddhism's connection to the Thai state would increase in the middle of the 19th century following the reforms of King Mongkut that would lead to the development of a royally-backed sect of Buddhism and increased centralization of the Thai sangha under the state, with state control over Buddhism increasing further after the 2014 coup d'état.

Thai Buddhism is distinguished for its emphasis on short-term ordination for every Thai man and its close interconnection with the Thai state and Thai culture. The two official branches, or Nikayas, of Thai Buddhism are the royally backed Dhammayuttika Nikaya and the larger Maha Nikaya.