Back مقارنة بين إيه كي 47 وإم 16 Arabic AK-47과 M16의 비교 Korean

Comparison of the AK-47 and M16

M16A2 (top) and AK-47 (bottom) assault rifles
Firearm AK-47 M16A1
Manufacturer Kalashnikov Concern (formerly Izhmash),[1] Tula Arms Plant, TsNIITochMash, Zastava, Norinco, Arsenal Arms ArmaLite, Bushmaster, Colt, GM, H&R, FN, Remington,[2][3]
Design year 1947 1957
Weight (with loaded 30-round magazine) 4.78 kg (10.5 lb)[4][5] 3.6 kg (7.9 lb)[6]
Overall length 87.0 cm (34.3 in) 99.0 cm (39.0 in)
Barrel length 40.6 cm (16.0 in) 50.8 cm (20.0 in)
Height (with magazine) 26.7 cm (10.5 in) 26.7 cm (10.5 in)
Sight radius 37.8 cm (14.9 in) 50.0 cm (19.7 in)
Cartridge (M43) 7.62×39mm (M193) 5.56×45mm
Bullet weight 122 gr
(7.9 g)[7]		 55 gr
(3.6 g)[7]
Velocity 2,330 fps
(710 m/s)[7]		 3,250 fps
(990 m/s)[7]
Energy 1,469 ft.lbs
(1,991 J)[7]		 1,302 ft.lbs
(1,764 J)[7]
Effective range 380 yd (350 m)[8][9] 500 yd (460 m)[10]
Accuracy @ 100 meters 5.9 in
(15 cm)[11]		 4.3 in
(11 cm)[11]
Penetration (ballistic Gelatin) ≈29 in (74 cm)[12][13] ≈14 in (36 cm)[12]
Rate of fire 600 rounds/min[14] 700–950 rounds/min[15]
Standard magazine capacity 30 rounds 30 rounds
Designer Mikhail Kalashnikov Eugene Stoner
Variants AK-47, AKS-47, RPK, AKM, AKMS, AK-74, RPK-74,
AK-100 series, AK-12, PP-19 Bizon, Vityaz-SN		 AR-15, M16, XM16E1, M16A1, M16A2, M16A3, M16A4, M4, M4A1, Colt LMG, M27, Colt 9mm SMG
Numbers made ~100 million AK-47 type rifles[16][17] ~8 million M16 type rifles[18]
Unit cost $700 to $800 per unit for a new AK-103
[19]		 $700 per unit for a new M4[20]

The two most common assault rifles in the world are the Soviet AK-47 and the American M16.[21][22] These Cold War-era rifles have been used in conflicts both large and small since the 1960s. They are used by military, police, security forces, revolutionaries, terrorists, criminals, and civilians alike and will most likely continue to be used for decades to come.[23][24] As a result, they have been the subject of countless comparisons and endless debate.[5][25][26]

The AK-47 was finalized, adopted, and entered widespread service in the Soviet Army in the early 1950s.[27] Its firepower, ease of use, low production costs, and reliability were perfectly suited for the Soviet Army's new mobile warfare doctrines. More AK-type weapons have been produced than all other assault rifles combined.[28] In 1974, the Soviets began replacing their AK-47 and AKM rifles with a newer design, the AK-74, which uses 5.45×39mm ammunition.

The M16 entered U.S. service in the mid-1960s.[29] Despite its early failures, the M16 proved to be a revolutionary design and stands as the longest-continuously serving rifle in American military history.[30] The U.S. military has largely replaced the M16 in combat units with a shorter and lighter version called the M4 carbine.[31][32]

  1. ^ "Janes | Latest defence and security news". www.janes.com.
  2. ^ Tactical Small Arms of the 21st Century, Charles Q. Cutshaw, Krause Publications, 2006, p. 245–246
  3. ^ "Army places order for 24,000 M4 carbines with Remington". Army Times. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved 2012-08-23.
  4. ^ Dockery, Kevin (2007). Future Weapons. Penguin. p. 101. ISBN 978-0-425-21750-4.
  5. ^ a b Rifle Evaluation Study, United States Army, Combat Development Command, ADA046961, 20 Dec 1962
  6. ^ "Field Manual No. 23-9 M16A1 and M16A2 Rifle Marksmanship". Archive.org. July 1989.
  7. ^ a b c d e f The Complete Encyclopedia of Automatic Army Rifles, A.E. Hartink, Hackberry Press 2001
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Isby 1988 516 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference izhmash.ru was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference archive.org was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference krtraining1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference ammo.ar15.com was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ "Terminal Ballistics". www.frfrogspad.com. Archived from the original on August 23, 2022.
  14. ^ "IZHMASH JSC official site". June 29, 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-06-29.
  15. ^ Cite error: The named reference archivemil was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  16. ^ "AK-47 Inventor Doesn't Lose Sleep Over Havoc Wrought With His Invention". Foxnews.com. 2007-07-06. Archived from the original on 2010-06-03. Retrieved 2010-04-03.
  17. ^ Cite error: The named reference csae.ox.ac.uk was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  18. ^ Colt M16A4 Rifle. Colt.com. Retrieved on 2011-09-27.
  19. ^ The People's Paper. Tehelka (2003-01-01). Retrieved on 2011-09-27. Archived 2011-10-17 at the Wayback Machine
  20. ^ "Office of the Secretary of Defense. Department of Defense Budget Fiscal Year (FY) 2016. March 2015. FY 2016 Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) Iraq Train and Equip Fund (ITEF)" (PDF). comptroller.defense.gov. United States Department of Defense. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 27, 2023.
  21. ^ Dunnigan, James F (2003). How to Make War: A Comprehensive Guide to Modern Warfare in the Twenty-first Century. Harper Paperbacks. p. 54. ISBN 978-0-06-009012-8.
  22. ^ Boutwell, Jeffery; Michael T. Klare (June 20, 2000). "A Scourge of Small Arms". Scientific American. 282 (6): 48–53. Bibcode:2000SciAm.282f..48B. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0600-48. JSTOR 26058744. PMID 10862422.
  23. ^ Haney, Eric L.; Thomsen, Brian M. (March 6, 2007). Beyond Shock and Awe: Warfare in the 21st Century. Penguin. ISBN 9781440628795 – via Google Books.
  24. ^ ""As for the future of the M16A4, I'm sure we are going to be building those for quite a while. Everybody has been saying since the 1970s that the M16 is a legacy weapon. But it's currently the best thing out there." Soldier Armed. M16A4 Rifle. By Scott R. Gourley. Army Magazine. July 2008 page 76" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 12, 2023.
  25. ^ "The World's Most Popular Gun. The Long Road to the AK-47. "The debate between exponents of the AK-47 and the M16 has never been resolved, in part because both guns continued to evolve with subsequent improved models and have now both been superseded by more recent designs; in part because ideology and national chauvinism were inseparable from dispassionate analysis." by Victor Davis Hanson a senior fellow in classics and military history at the Hoover Institution. The New Atlantis. Copyright Summer 2011. pages 140–147" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 27, 2022.
  26. ^ The AK-47: Kalashnikov-series assault rifles. "Endless comparisons have been made between the world's two most widely used rifles. Such comparisons, especially if meant to demonstrate that one is better than the other, must be made with caution. While both are intended for close to moderate-range combat, these are two different weapons with different design philosophies, which use different materials and manufacturing techniques and very different tactical employment concepts. Their ammunition is also very different and this too has a major influence on their effectiveness." By Gordon L. Rottman. Osprey Publishing. Copyright 2011. page 64
  27. ^ Cite error: The named reference washingtonpost2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  28. ^ Killicoat, Phillip (April 2007). "Weaponomics: The Global Market for Assault Rifles" (PDF). World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4202 (Post-Conflict Transitions Working Paper No. 10). Oxford University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2023-03-04. Retrieved 3 April 2010.
  29. ^ Report of the M16 rifle review panel. Department of the Army. dtic.mil. 1 June 1968
  30. ^ Cite error: The named reference m-14parts.com was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  31. ^ "Small Arms–Individual Weapons" (PDF). 3 November 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-12-10. Retrieved 8 November 2010.
  32. ^ Commandant approves M4 as standard weapon for Marine infantry Archived 2015-10-27 at the Wayback Machine - Militarytimes.com, 26 October 2015.

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