Furusiyya

Furūsiyya (فروسية; also transliterated as furūsīyah) is the historical Arabic term for equestrian martial exercise.^[1] Furūsiyya “Knighthood” is a martial tradition dating back to pre-Islamic Arabia.^[2]

The term is a derivation of faras (فرس) "horse", and in Modern Standard Arabic means "equestrianism" in general. The term for "horseman" or "cavalier" ("knight") is fāris (فارس),^[3] which is also the origin of the Spanish rank of alférez.^[4] The Perso-Arabic term for "Furūsiyya literature" is faras-nāma or asb-nāma.^[5] Faras-nāma is also described as a small encyclopedia about horses.^[6]

^ Behrens-Abouseif, Doris (2014). Practising Diplomacy in the Mamluk Sultanate: Gifts and Material Culture in the Medieval Islamic World. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 177. ISBN 978-1-78076-877-9.
^ Coetzee, Daniel; Eysturlid, Lee W. (2013-10-21). Philosophers of War: The Evolution of History's Greatest Military Thinkers [2 Volumes]: The Evolution of History's Greatest Military Thinkers. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-07033-4.
^ Daniel Coetzee, Lee W. Eysturlid, Philosophers of War: The Evolution of History's Greatest Military Thinkers (2013), p. 59, 60, 63. "Ibn Akhī Hizām" ("the son of the brother of Hizam", viz. a nephew of Hizam Ibn Ghalib, Abbasid commander in Khurasan, fl. 840).
^ Simon Barton, The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile, Cambridge (1997), 142–44.
^ Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica. "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
^ Gommans, J. J. L. (2002-08-15). Mughal Warfare: Indian Frontiers and Highroads to Empire 1500–1700. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-55275-7.

[1] Behrens-Abouseif, Doris (2014). Practising Diplomacy in the Mamluk Sultanate: Gifts and Material Culture in the Medieval Islamic World. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 177. ISBN 978-1-78076-877-9.

[2] Coetzee, Daniel; Eysturlid, Lee W. (2013-10-21). Philosophers of War: The Evolution of History's Greatest Military Thinkers [2 Volumes]: The Evolution of History's Greatest Military Thinkers. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-07033-4.

[Khuttali-3] Daniel Coetzee, Lee W. Eysturlid, Philosophers of War: The Evolution of History's Greatest Military Thinkers (2013), p. 59, 60, 63. "Ibn Akhī Hizām" ("the son of the brother of Hizam", viz. a nephew of Hizam Ibn Ghalib, Abbasid commander in Khurasan, fl. 840).

[4] Simon Barton, The Aristocracy in Twelfth-century León and Castile, Cambridge (1997), 142–44.

[EncIr-5] Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica. "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2022-10-17.

[6] Gommans, J. J. L. (2002-08-15). Mughal Warfare: Indian Frontiers and Highroads to Empire 1500–1700. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-55275-7.

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