Hydrogen fluoride

Hydrogen fluoride
Names
	Other names Fluorane
Identifiers
CAS Number	7664-39-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:29228 ;
ChemSpider	14214 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.759
KEGG	C16487 ;
PubChem CID	16211014;
RTECS number	MW7875000;
UNII	RGL5YE86CZ ;
UN number	1052
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1049641 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/FH/h1H Key: KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/FH/h1H Key: KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYAC;
	SMILES F;
Properties
Chemical formula	HF
Molar mass	20.006 g·mol−1
Appearance	colourless gas or colourless liquid (below 19.5 °C)
Odor	unpleasant
Density	1.15 g/L, gas (25 °C); 0.99 g/mL, liquid (19.5 °C); 1.663 g/mL, solid (–125 °C)
Melting point	−83.6 °C (−118.5 °F; 189.6 K)
Boiling point	19.5 °C (67.1 °F; 292.6 K)
Solubility in water	completely miscible (liquid)
Vapor pressure	783 mmHg (20 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	3.17 (in water), 15 (in DMSO)
Conjugate acid	Fluoronium
Conjugate base	Fluoride
Refractive index (nD)	1.00001
Structure
Molecular shape	Linear
Dipole moment	1.86 D
Thermochemistry
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	8.687 J/g K (gas)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−13.66 kJ/g (gas) ; −14.99 kJ/g (liquid)
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Highly toxic, corrosive, irritant
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H300+H310+H330, H314
Precautionary statements	P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P302+P350, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 0 1 POI
Flash point	none
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	17 ppm (rat, oral)
LC50 (median concentration)	1276 ppm (rat, 1 hr); 1774 ppm (monkey, 1 hr); 4327 ppm (guinea pig, 15 min)
LCLo (lowest published)	313 ppm (rabbit, 7 hr)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 3 ppm
REL (Recommended)	TWA 3 ppm (2.5 mg/m3) C 6 ppm (5 mg/m3) [15-minute]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	30 ppm
Related compounds
Other anions	Hydrogen chloride; Hydrogen bromide; Hydrogen iodide; Hydrogen astatide
Other cations	Sodium fluoride; Potassium fluoride; Rubidium fluoride; Caesium fluoride
Related compounds	Water; Ammonia
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Hydrogen fluoride (fluorane) is an inorganic compound with chemical formula H F. It is a very poisonous, colorless gas or liquid that dissolves in water to yield an aqueous solution termed hydrofluoric acid. It is the principal industrial source of fluorine, often in the form of hydrofluoric acid, and is an important feedstock in the preparation of many important compounds including pharmaceuticals and polymers, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). HF is also widely used in the petrochemical industry as a component of superacids. Due to strong and extensive hydrogen bonding, it boils at near room temperature, much higher than other hydrogen halides.

Hydrogen fluoride is an extremely dangerous gas, forming corrosive and penetrating hydrofluoric acid upon contact with moisture. The gas can also cause blindness by rapid destruction of the corneas.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0334". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ Evans, D. A. "pKa's of Inorganic and Oxo-Acids" (PDF). Retrieved June 19, 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Hydrogen fluoride". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[PGCH-1] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0334". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[2] Evans, D. A. "pKa's of Inorganic and Oxo-Acids" (PDF). Retrieved June 19, 2020.

[IDLH-3] "Hydrogen fluoride". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

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