Miguel de Cervantes

Miguel de Cervantes
This portrait, attributed to Juan de Jáuregui,[a] is unauthenticated. No authenticated image of Cervantes exists.[1][2]
Born	29 September 1547 (assumed) Alcalá de Henares, Crown of Castile
Died	22 April 1616(1616-04-22) (aged 68)[3] Madrid, Crown of Castile
Resting place	Convent of the Barefoot Trinitarians, Madrid
Occupation	Soldier, tax collector, accountant, purchasing agent for Navy (writing was an avocation which did not produce much income)
Language	Spanish
Literary movement	Renaissance literature, Mannerism
Notable works	Don Quixote Entremeses Novelas ejemplares
Spouse	Catalina de Salazar y Palacios
Children	Isabel c. 1584 (illegitimate)[4]
Signature

Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra (Spanish: [miˈɣel de θeɾˈβantes saaˈβeðɾa]; 29 September 1547 (assumed) – 22 April 1616 NS)^[5] was an Early Modern Spanish writer widely regarded as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world's pre-eminent novelists. He is best known for his novel Don Quixote, a work often cited as both the first modern novel^[6][7] and "the first great novel of world literature".^[8] A 2002 poll of 100 well-known authors^[b] voted it the "best book of all time", as voted by the judges^[9] from among the "best and most central works in world literature".^[8]

Much of his life was spent in relative poverty and obscurity, which led to many of his early works being lost. Despite this, his influence and literary contribution are reflected by the fact that Spanish is often referred to as "the language of Cervantes".^[10]

In 1569, Cervantes was forced to leave Spain and move to Rome, where he worked in the household of a cardinal. In 1570, he enlisted in a Spanish Navy infantry regiment, and was badly wounded at the Battle of Lepanto in October 1571 and lost the use of his left arm and hand. He served as a soldier until 1575, when he was captured by Barbary pirates; after five years in captivity, he was ransomed, and returned to Madrid.

His first significant novel, titled La Galatea, was published in 1585, but he continued to work as a purchasing agent, and later as a government tax collector. Part One of Don Quixote was published in 1605, and Part Two in 1615. Other works include the 12 Novelas ejemplares (Exemplary Novels); a long poem, the Viaje del Parnaso (Journey to Parnassus); and Ocho comedias y ocho entremeses (Eight Plays and Eight Interludes). The novel Los trabajos de Persiles y Sigismunda (The Travails of Persiles and Sigismunda), was published posthumously in 1616.

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