Misandry

Misandry (/mɪsˈændri/) is the hatred of, contempt for, or prejudice against men or boys.[1][2]

Men's rights activists (MRAs) and other masculinist groups have characterized modern laws concerning divorce, domestic violence, conscription, circumcision (known as male genital mutilation by opponents), and treatment of male rape victims as examples of institutional misandry.

In the Internet Age, users posting on manosphere internet forums such as 4chan and subreddits addressing men's rights activism have claimed that misandry is widespread, established in preferential treatment of women, and shown by discrimination against men.[3][4] This viewpoint is denied by most sociologists, anthropologists and scholars of gender studies, who counter that misandry is not a cultural institution, nor equivalent in scope to misogyny, which is far more deeply rooted in society, and more severe in its consequences.[5][3][6]

Many scholars criticize MRAs for promoting a false equivalence between misandry and misogyny,[7]: 132 [8][9] arguing that modern activism around misandry represents an antifeminist backlash, promoted by marginalized men.[8][10][11][12][13]

  1. ^ "Misandry" at Oxford English Dictionary Online (ODO), Third Edition, June 2002. Accessed through library subscription on 25 July 2014. Earliest recorded use: 1885. Blackwood's Edinb. Mag, Sept. 289/1 No man whom she cared for had ever proposed to marry her. She could not account for it, and it was a growing source of bitterness, of misogyny as well as misandry.
  2. ^ "Misandry" at Merriam-Webster online ("First Known Use: circa 1909")
  3. ^ a b Ouellette, Marc (2007). "Misandry". In Flood, Michael; et al. (eds.). International Encyclopedia of Men and Masculinities. Routledge. pp. 442–443. ISBN 978-1-1343-1707-3.
  4. ^ Riggio, Heidi R. (2020). "Online Sexism and Anti-Feminism Movements". Sex and Gender: A Biopsychological Approach. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-06630-2.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Gilmore p10 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Ferguson, Frances; Bloch, R. Howard (1989). Misogyny, Misandry, and Misanthropy. University of California Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-520-06546-8.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Kimmel 2013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Marwick 2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Ging, Debbie; Siapera, Eugenia (July 2018). "Online Misogyny: Introduction". Feminist Media Studies. 18: 515–524. doi:10.1080/14680777.2018.1447345. S2CID 149613969.
  10. ^ Barker, Kim; Jurasz, Olga (2018). Online Misogyny as Hate Crime: A Challenge for Legal Regulation?. Routledge. p. 4. ISBN 978-1-138-59037-3.
  11. ^ Berger, Michele Tracy; Radeloff, Cheryl (2014). Transforming Scholarship: Why Women's and Gender Studies Students Are Changing Themselves and the World. Taylor & Francis. pp. 128–129. ISBN 978-1-135-04519-7.
  12. ^ Sugiura, Lisa (2021). "Legitimising Misogyny". The Incel Rebellion: The Rise of the Manosphere and the Virtual War Against Women. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Limited. pp. 102–103. doi:10.1108/978-1-83982-254-420211008. ISBN 978-1-83982-254-4.
  13. ^ Lumsden, Karen (2019). "'I Want to Kill You in Front of Your Children' Is Not a Threat. It's an Expression of Desire': Discourses of Online Abuse, Trolling and Violence on r/MensRights". In Karen Lumsden; Emily Hamer (eds.). Online Othering: Exploring Digital Violence and Discrimination on the Web. Palgrave Studies in Cybercrime and Cybersecurity. Springer. pp. 91–120. ISBN 978-3-030-12633-9.

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