Second Barons' War

Second Barons' War
Date 1264–1267 Location England Result Royalist victory Capture and imprisonment of King Henry III by baronial forces Establishment of de facto Protectorate ruled by Simon de Montfort's Parliament until 1265 Restoration of royal authority in 1266 Peace treaty agreed with Dictum of Kenilworth in 1267 Statute of Marlborough issued in 1267; legal confirmation of Magna Carta and Parliament
Belligerents
Royal forces	Baronial forces
Commanders and leaders
King Henry III Prince Edward Prince Edmund Richard of Cornwall Henry of Almain Gilbert de Clare (from May 1265) Humphrey de Bohun John de Warenne William de Valence Roger Mortimer	Simon de Montfort † Gilbert de Clare (until May 1265) Henry de Montfort † Guy de Montfort Simon de Montfort the Younger Peter de Montfort † Nicholas de Segrave Humphrey (V) de Bohun Hugh le Despenser †

Part of a series on the
Wars of Plantagenet England
Other wars Revolt of 1173–1174 Third Crusade Second Barons' War Wars of the Roses
Anglo-French Wars Capetian–Plantagenet rivalry French invasion of Normandy Anglo-French War of 1213–1214 First Barons' War Saintonge War Anglo-French War of 1294–1303 War of Saint-Sardos Hundred Years' War Edwardian War War of the Breton Succession Caroline War Lancastrian War
Anglo-Welsh wars Welsh uprising of 1211 Conquest of Wales by Edward I
Wars of Scottish Independence First War Second War
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The Second Barons' War (1264–1267) was a civil war in England between the forces of a number of barons led by Simon de Montfort against the royalist forces of King Henry III, led initially by the king himself and later by his son, the future King Edward I. The barons sought to force the king to rule with a council of barons, rather than through his favourites. The war also involved a series of massacres of Jews by de Montfort's supporters, including his sons Henry and Simon, in attacks aimed at seizing and destroying evidence of baronial debts. To bolster the initial success of his baronial regime, de Montfort sought to broaden the social foundations of parliament by extending the franchise to the commons for the first time. However, after a rule of just over a year, de Montfort was killed by forces loyal to the king at the Battle of Evesham.^[1]