Sex differences in humans

Sex differences in humans have been studied in a variety of fields. Sex determination generally occurs by the presence or absence of a Y in the 23rd pair of chromosomes in the human genome. Phenotypic sex refers to an individual's sex as determined by their internal and external genitalia and expression of secondary sex characteristics.^[1]

Sex differences generally refer to traits that are sexually dimorphic. A subset of such differences is hypothesized to be the product of the evolutionary process of sexual selection.^[2]^[3]

^ Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D. "What is Sex?". Neuroscience (2nd ed.). Sinauer Associates. Retrieved 2019-05-09.
^ Mealey, L. (2000). Sex differences. NY: Academic Press.^{[ISBN missing]}
^ Geary, D. C. (2009) Male, Female: The Evolution of Human Sex Differences. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association^{[ISBN missing]}

[1] Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D. "What is Sex?". Neuroscience (2nd ed.). Sinauer Associates. Retrieved 2019-05-09.

[Mealey,_L._2000-2] Mealey, L. (2000). Sex differences. NY: Academic Press.^{[ISBN missing]}

[3] Geary, D. C. (2009) Male, Female: The Evolution of Human Sex Differences. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association^{[ISBN missing]}

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