Back Oegarit Afrikaans أوغاريت Arabic اوغاريت ARZ Ugarit AST Uqarit Azerbaijani اوقاریت AZB Угарит Bashkir Угарыт Byelorussian Угарит Bulgarian Ugarit Catalan
  Shown within Syria | |
| Alternative name | Ras Shamra (Arabic: رأس شمرة) |
|---|---|
| Location | Latakia Governorate, Syria |
| Region | Fertile Crescent |
| Coordinates | 35°36′07″N 35°46′55″E / 35.602°N 35.782°E |
| Type | settlement |
| History | |
| Founded | c. 6000 BC |
| Abandoned | c. 1185 BC |
| Periods | Neolithic, Late Bronze Age, Hellenistic |
| Events | Bronze Age Collapse |
| Site notes | |
| Excavation dates | 1928–1939, 1950-2008 |
| Archaeologists | Claude F. A. Schaeffer Henri de Contenson, Jean Margueron, Marguerite Yon, Yves Calvet, Bassam Jamous |
| Condition | ruins |
| Ownership | Public |
| Public access | Yes |
Ugarit (/juːˈɡɑːrɪt, uː-/; Ugaritic: 𐎜𐎂𐎗𐎚, ʾUgarītu) was an ancient port city in northern Syria about 10 kilometers north of modern Latakia. At its height it ruled an area roughly equivalent to the modern Latakia Governorate. It was discovered by accident in 1928 with the Ugaritic texts.[1] Its ruins are often called Ras Shamra (also Ras Shamrah) after the headland where they lie.
Ugarit saw its beginnings in the Neolithic period and continued as a settlement through the Chalcolithic and Bronze Ages.[2] The city had close connections to the Hittite Empire, in later times as a vassal, sent tribute to Egypt at times, and maintained trade and diplomatic connections with Cyprus (then called Alashiya),[3] documented in the archives recovered from the site and corroborated by Mycenaean and Cypriot pottery found there. The polity was at its height from c. 1450 BC until its destruction in c. 1185 BC;[4] this destruction was possibly caused by the purported Sea Peoples, or an internal struggle. The kingdom would be one of the many dismantled during the Bronze Age Collapse. Gibala (Tell Tweini), the coastal city at the southern edge of the Ugarit kingdom was also destroyed at this time.[5]
- ^ Huehnergard, John (2012). An Introduction to Ugaritic. Hendrickson Publishers. ISBN 978-1-59856-820-2.
- ^ [1]Gates, Charles (2011). Ancient cities: the archaeology of urban life in the ancient Near East and Egypt, Greece and Rome (2nd ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-203-83057-4.
- ^ Helène Whittaker, "Mycenaean cult buildings : a study of their architecture and function in the context of the Aegean and the Eastern Mediterranean", Monographs from the Norwegian Institute at Athens, v. 1. Bergen: Norwegian Institute at Athens, 1997 ISBN 9788291626031
- ^ [2]Kemp, Luke, and Eric H. Cline, "Systemic Risk and Resilience: The Bronze Age Collapse and Recovery", in: Adam Izdebski, John Haldon, and Piotr Filipkowski (eds.), Perspectives on Public Policy in Societal-Environmental Crises, Springer, pp. 207-223, 2022
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
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