Back Ultrareialista Catalan Ultrarrealista (Francia) Spanish Ultrarojalistit Finnish Ultraroyaliste French Ultrarealisti Italian Ultrarojaliści Polish Ultrarrealista Portuguese Ультрароялисты Russian Ultrarojalister Swedish พวกคลั่งเจ้า Thai
Ultra-royalists Ultraroyalistes | |
|---|---|
| Leader | Charles X of France |
| Founded | 1815 |
| Dissolved | 1830 |
| Succeeded by | Legitimists |
| Newspaper | La Gazette La Quotidienne Le Conservateur |
| Ideology | Monarchism Reactionarism[1][2] Ultramontanism[3][4][5] Conservatism[6][7] |
| Political position | Right-wing[8] |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Chamber of Deputies (1824) | 413 / 430 |
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The Ultra-royalists (French: ultraroyalistes, collectively Ultras) were a French political faction from 1815 to 1830 under the Bourbon Restoration. An Ultra was usually a member of the nobility of high society who strongly supported Roman Catholicism as the state and only legal religion of France, the Bourbon monarchy,[9] traditional hierarchy between classes and census suffrage (privileged voting rights), while rejecting the political philosophy of popular will and the interests of the bourgeoisie along with their liberal and democratic tendencies.[10]
The Legitimists, another of the main right-wing factions identified in René Rémond's Les Droites en France, were disparagingly classified with the Ultras after the 1830 July Revolution by the victors, the Orléanists, who deposed the Bourbon dynasty for the more liberal king Louis Philippe.
- ^ De Bertier, Ferdinand; De Bertier de Sauvigny, Guillaume (1993). Editions Tallandier (ed.). Souvenirs d'un ultra-royaliste (1815-1832). Tallandier. ISBN 9782235021197.
- ^ De Waresquiel, Emmanuel (2005). Fayard (ed.). L'histoire à rebrousse-poil: Les élites, la Restauration, la Révolution. Fayard. ISBN 9782213659480.
- ^ Histoire de France, pendant les annees 1825, 1826, 1827 et commencement de 1828, faisant suite a l'Histoire de France par l'abbe de Montgaillard. Vol. 1. 1829. p. 74.
- ^ Treuttel et Würtz, ed. (1844). Encyclopédie des gens du monde: répertoire universel des sciences, des lettres et des arts ; avec des notices sur les principales familles historiques et sur les personnages célèbres, morts et vivans. Vol. 22. p. 364.
- ^ Bailleul, Jacques-Charles (1819). Situation de la France. p. 261.
- ^ Le Normant, ed. (1818). Le Conservateur: le roi, la charte et les honnêtes gens. Vol. 1. p. 348.
- ^ Reboul, Pierre (1973). Presses Univ. Septentrion (ed.). Chateaubriand et le conservateur. p. 288.
- ^
- Jean-Jacques Oechslin (1960). Le mouvement ultra-royaliste sous la Restauration: son idéologie et son action politique (1814-1830). Librairie générale de droit et de jurispurudence, R. Pichon & R. Durand-Auzias. p. 209.
- Pierre Triomphe, Pierre Triomphe (2013). L'antiparlementarisme sous la Restauration. Parlement[s], Revue d'histoire politique 2013/3 (n° HS 9). pp. 35–47.
- Bertrand Goujon (2012). Monarchies postrévolutionnaires. 1814-1848: (1814-1848). Vol. II (Le Seuil ed.). Paris. ISBN 9782021094459.
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- ^ Ultraroyalist. Dictionary of Politics and Government, 2004, p. 250.
- ^ "Ultra". Encyclopaedia Britannica. "The ultras represented the interests of the large landowners, the aristocracy, clericalists, and former émigrés. They were opposed to the egalitarian and secularizing principles of the Revolution, but they did not aim at restoring the ancien régime; rather, they were concerned with manipulating France’s new constitutional machinery in order to regain the assured political and social predominance of the interests they represented".
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