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Zionism as settler colonialism

Population shift from 1947–1951 in Israel–Palestine, plotted with the % of land controlled by what Neve Gordon calls the "Jewish establishment"

Zionism has been described as a form of settler colonialism in relation to the region of Palestine and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Many of the fathers of Zionism themselves described it as colonialism, such as Vladimir Jabotinsky, who said "Zionism is a colonization adventure."[1][2]

Patrick Wolfe, an influential theorist of settler colonial studies defines it as an ongoing "structure, not an event" aimed at replacing a native population rather than exploiting it.[3][4][5] Other proponents of the paradigm include Edward Said, Rashid Khalidi, Noam Chomsky, Ilan Pappe, Fayez Sayegh, Maxime Rodinson, George Jabbour, Ibrahim Abu-Lughod, Baha Abu-Laban, Jamil Hilal, and Rosemary Sayigh.[6][7]

The current conceptual framework emerged in the 1990s among Palestinian scholars in Israel who "reframed the history of the Nakba as enduring" in response to their marginalization by the two-state Israeli–Palestinian peace process.[8][a] Rachel Busbridge contends that its subsequent popularity is inseparable from frustration at the stagnation of that process and resulting Western left-wing sympathy for Palestinian nationalism. She writes that while a settler colonial analysis "offers a far more accurate portrayal of the conflict than...has conventionally been painted", Wolfe's zero-sum approach is limited in practical application because almost all Israeli Jews naturally reject it, as a form of antisemitism that denies their long-standing history in the land of Israel and aspirations for self-determination.[9][10] This is further reflected in the Israeli state's public diplomacy efforts, responding to what it considers attacks on its legitimate right to exist and calls for its destruction. Hussein Ibish argues that such zero-sum calls are "a gift that no occupying power and no colonizing settler movement deserves."[11]

  1. ^ Hart, Alan (13 August 2010). Zionism: The Real Enemy of the Jews, Volume 1: The False Messiah. SCB Distributors. ISBN 978-0-932863-78-2. A voluntary reconciliation with the Arabs is out of the question either now or in the future. If you wish to colonize a land in which people are already living, you must provide a garrison for the land, or find some rich man or benefactor who will provide a garrison on your behalf. Or else-or else, give up your colonization, for without an armed force which will render physically impossible any attempt to destroy or prevent this colonization, colonization is impossible, not difficult, not dangerous, but IMPOSSIBLE!… Zionism is a colonization adventure and therefore it stands or falls by the question of armed force. It is important… to speak Hebrew, but, unfortunately, it is even more important to be able to shoot – or else I am through with playing at colonizing.
  2. ^ Jabotinsky, Ze'ev (4 November 1923). "The Iron Wall" (PDF). Colonisation can have only one aim, and Palestine Arabs cannot accept this aim. It lies in the very nature of things, and in this particular regard nature cannot be changed...Zionist colonisation must either stop, or else proceed regardless of the native population.
  3. ^ Wolfe 2006.
  4. ^ "Forum on Patrick Wolfe". Versobooks.com. Archived from the original on 21 June 2021. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  5. ^ "What is at Stake in the Study of Settler Colonialism?". Developing Economics. 26 October 2020. Archived from the original on 25 November 2021. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  6. ^ a b Sabbagh-Khoury 2022, first section.
  7. ^ Tawil-Souri, Helga (2016). "Response to Elia Zureik's Israel's Colonial Project in Palestine: Brutal Pursuit". Arab Studies Quarterly. 38 (4): 683–687. doi:10.13169/arabstudquar.38.4.0683. ISSN 0271-3519. JSTOR 10.13169/arabstudquar.38.4.0683. Archived from the original on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 9 June 2022. Calling Israel a settler colonial regime is an argument increasingly gaining purchase in activist and, to a lesser extent, academic circles.
  8. ^ Sabbagh-Khoury 2022, Conclusion.
  9. ^ Troen, S. Ilan (2007). "De-Judaizing the Homeland: Academic Politics in Rewriting the History of Palestine". Israel Affairs. 13 (4): 872–884. doi:10.1080/13537120701445372. S2CID 216148316.
  10. ^ Busbridge 2018, pp. 97–98.
  11. ^ Ibish, Hussein (2009). "What's Wrong with the One-State Agenda?". American Task Force on Palestine. ISBN 978-0978561413. Retrieved 9 March 2024.


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