Central Pacific Railroad

Central Pacific Railroad

Route of the First transcontinental railroad with the Central Pacific portion in red
Overview
Headquarters	Sacramento, CA; San Francisco, California
Founders	Charles Crocker Mark Hopkins Jr. Collis P. Huntington Charles Marsh Leland Stanford
Locale	Sacramento, California-Ogden, Utah
Dates of operation	June 28, 1861–April 1, 1885 continued as an SP leased line until June 30, 1959
Successor	Southern Pacific
Technical
Track gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge

The Central Pacific Railroad (CPRR) was a rail company chartered by U.S. Congress in 1862 to build a railroad eastwards from Sacramento, California, to complete most of the western part of the "First transcontinental railroad" in North America. Incorporated in 1861, CPRR ceased independent operations in 1875 when the railroad was leased to the Southern Pacific Railroad. Its assets were formally merged into Southern Pacific in 1959.

Following the completion of the Pacific Railroad Surveys in 1855, several national proposals to build a transcontinental railroad failed because of political disputes over slavery. With the secession of the South in 1861, the modernizers in the Republican Party controlled the US Congress. They passed legislation in 1862 authorizing the central rail route with financing in the form of land grants and government railroad bond, which were all eventually repaid with interest.^[1] The government and the railroads both shared in the increased value of the land grants, which the railroads developed.^[2] The construction of the railroad also secured for the government the economical "safe and speedy transportation of the mails, troops, munitions of war, and public stores".^[3]