Olkhon Island

Olkhon

Native name: остров Ольхон (Russian) Ойхон арал (Buryat)
Shamanka Rock near Khuzhir
Geography
Location	Lake Baikal
Area	730 km2 (280 sq mi)
Length	72 km (44.7 mi)
Width	21 km (13 mi)
Highest elevation	1,276 m (4186 ft) 818 m (2,684 ft) above lake level.
Highest point	Mount Zhima
Administration
Russia
District	Siberia
Subject	Irkutsk Oblast
Capital city	Khuzhir
Demographics
Population	1,744
Ethnic groups	Buryats, Russians

Olkhon (Russian: Ольхо́н, also transliterated as Olchon; Buryat: Ойхон, Oikhon) is the third-largest lake island in the world. It is by far the largest island in Lake Baikal in eastern Siberia, with an area of 730 km² (280 sq mi). Structurally, it constitutes the southwestern margin of the Academician Ridge. The island measures 71.5 km (44.4 mi) in length and 20.8 km (12.9 mi) in width.

There are two versions regarding the origin of the name of the island and both are derived from the language of the Buryats, the indigenous people of Olkhon. The first is that the island's name comes from the word oyhon – “woody”, and the second is that it comes from olhan – “dry”.^[1] It is still debated which of the two is the actual origin of the name Olkhon as both words describe the island perfectly. Much of the island is still covered by forests and the amount of precipitation is extremely low – about 240 mm (9.4 in) per year.^[2]