Skandha

Translations of
skandha
Translations of; skandha
English	Aggregate, mass, heap
Sanskrit	स्कन्ध (skandha)
Pali	खन्ध (khandha)
Bengali	স্কন্ধ (skawndhaw)
Burmese	ခန္ဓာ (ငါးပါး)။ ; (MLCTS: kʰàɰ̃dà)
Chinese	蘊(T) / 蕴(S) ; (Pinyin: yùn)
Japanese	蘊 ; (Rōmaji: un)
Khmer	បញ្ចក្ខន្ធ ; (UNGEGN: pănhchăkkhăn)
Korean	온 ; (RR: on)
Mongolian	ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠰ ; (tsogtsas)
Shan	ၶၼ်ႇထႃႇ ; ([khan2 thaa2])
Sinhala	ස්කන්ධ (skandha)
Tibetan	ཕུང་པོ་ ; (phung po)
Tagalog	skandha
Thai	ขันธ์
Vietnamese	Ngũ uẩn
	Glossary of Buddhism

Skandhas (Sanskrit) or khandhas (Pāḷi) means "heaps, aggregates, collections, groupings".^[1] In Buddhism, it refers to the five aggregates of clinging (Pañcupādānakkhandhā), the five material and mental factors that take part in the rise of craving and clinging.

They are also explained as the five factors that constitute and explain a sentient being's person and personality,^[2]^[3]^[4] but this is a later interpretation in response to Sarvāstivādin essentialism. The 14th Dalai Lama subscribes to this interpretation.^[5]

The five aggregates or heaps of clinging are:

form (or material image, impression) (rupa)
sensations (or feelings, received from form) (vedana)
perceptions (samjna)
mental activity or formations or influences of a previous life (sanskara)
discernment (vijnana).^[6]^[7]^[8]

In the Theravada tradition, suffering arises when one identifies with or clings to the aggregates. This suffering is extinguished by relinquishing attachments to aggregates. Both the Theravada and Mahayana traditions assert that the nature of all aggregates is intrinsically empty of independent existence and that these aggregates do not constitute a "self" of any kind.

^ Cite error: The named reference DavidsStede1921p232 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Robert E. Buswell Jr.; Donald S. Lopez Jr. (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. pp. 708, 721–723, 827–828. ISBN 978-1-4008-4805-8.
^ Harvey 2013, p. 55.
^ Steven M. Emmanuel (2015). A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 193, 232–233, 421–425. ISBN 978-1-119-14466-3.
^ The Tibetan Book of the Dead. Translated by Dorje, Gyurnme; Coleman, Graham; Jinpa, Thupten. Introductory commentary by the 14th Dalai Lama (First American ed.). New York: Viking Press. 2005. pp. xiii. ISBN 0-670-85886-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^ Steven M. Emmanuel (2015). A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 587–588. ISBN 978-1-119-14466-3.
^ Skandha Encyclopædia Britannica (2013)
^ Karunamuni ND (May 2015). "The Five-Aggregate Model of the Mind". SAGE Open. 5 (2): 215824401558386. doi:10.1177/2158244015583860.

[DavidsStede1921p232-1] Cite error: The named reference DavidsStede1921p232 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[2] Robert E. Buswell Jr.; Donald S. Lopez Jr. (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. pp. 708, 721–723, 827–828. ISBN 978-1-4008-4805-8.

[FOOTNOTEHarvey201355-3] Harvey 2013, p. 55.

[Emmanuel2015skandhas-4] Steven M. Emmanuel (2015). A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 193, 232–233, 421–425. ISBN 978-1-119-14466-3.

[:0-5] The Tibetan Book of the Dead. Translated by Dorje, Gyurnme; Coleman, Graham; Jinpa, Thupten. Introductory commentary by the 14th Dalai Lama (First American ed.). New York: Viking Press. 2005. pp. xiii. ISBN 0-670-85886-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

[stevenemmanuel587-6] Steven M. Emmanuel (2015). A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 587–588. ISBN 978-1-119-14466-3.

[7] Skandha Encyclopædia Britannica (2013)

[Aggregates-8] Karunamuni ND (May 2015). "The Five-Aggregate Model of the Mind". SAGE Open. 5 (2): 215824401558386. doi:10.1177/2158244015583860.

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