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Immigrant health care in the United States

[1][2]

Immigrants at Ellis Island undergoing mandatory health inspections, 19th century

Immigrant health care in the United States refers to the collective systems in the United States that deliver health care services to immigrants. The term "immigrant" is often used to encompass non-citizens of varying status; this includes permanent legal residents, refugees, and undocumented residents.[3]

Doctors inspecting immigrants for trachoma at Ellis Island, 1910

Immigrant health care is considered distinct from citizen health care, due to intersecting socioeconomic factors and health policies associated with immigration status. Disparities in health care usage, coverage, and quality are also observed, not only between immigrants and citizens but also among immigrant groups as well.[4] Existing studies have revealed strong correlation of these disparities with a combination of structural and social factors, including lack of insurance, high costs of care, restrictions associated with undocumented status, perceptions of discrimination, and language barriers.[4][5][6] Intersections of health and immigration policies also create distinctive outcomes for immigrants, such as medical deportations and delivery of medical services in immigration detention centers.[7][8][9]

Policy efforts at reforming the health care system in regards to treatment of immigrants have varied in the past decade. The subject of health care benefits for immigrants has become increasingly popular in political discourse.[10][11][12]

  1. ^ Pandey, Sanjay (2014). "Immigrant Health Care Access and the Affordable Care Act". Public Administration Review. 74 (6). JSTOR: 749–759. doi:10.1111/puar.12280. JSTOR 24029499. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
  2. ^ Pandey, Sanjay. "https://www.jstor.org/stable/24029499?seq=3". www.jstor.org/. JSTOR. JSTOR 24029499. {{cite journal}}: External link in |title= (help)
  3. ^ "Immigrant Eligibility for Health Care Programs in the United States". www.ncsl.org. Retrieved 2019-10-09.
  4. ^ a b Pitkin Derose, Kathryn; Bahney, Benjamin W.; Lurie, Nicole; Escarce, José J. (2009-01-29). "Review: Immigrants and Health Care Access, Quality, and Cost". Medical Care Research and Review. 66 (4): 355–408. doi:10.1177/1077558708330425. ISSN 1077-5587. PMID 19179539. S2CID 41583770.
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  12. ^ Hoffman, Jan (2019-07-03). "What Would Giving Health Care to Undocumented Immigrants Mean?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-11-21.

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