Back Nazi-saluut Afrikaans التحية النازية Arabic Saludu fascista AST Hitler salamı Azerbaijani Нацысцкае прывітанне Byelorussian Хитлеров поздрав Bulgarian Salutació feixista Catalan Heil Hitler Czech Heil Danish Hitlergruß German

Nazi salute

Members of the Hitler Youth in Berlin performing the Nazi salute at a rally in 1933

The Nazi salute, also known as the Hitler salute,[a] or the Sieg Heil salute, is a gesture that was used as a greeting in Nazi Germany. The salute is performed by extending the right arm from the shoulder into the air with a straightened hand. Usually, the person offering the salute would say "Heil Hitler!" ('Hail Hitler!'),[b] "Heil, mein Führer!" ('Hail, my leader!'), or "Sieg Heil!" ('Hail victory!'). It was officially adopted by the Nazi Party in 1926, although it had been used within the party as early as 1921,[4] to signal obedience to the party's leader, Adolf Hitler, and to glorify the German nation (and later the German war effort). The salute was mandatory for civilians[5] but mostly optional for military personnel, who retained a traditional military salute until the failed assassination attempt on Hitler[6] on 20 July 1944.

Use of this salute is illegal in modern-day Germany (Strafgesetzbuch section 86a), Austria and Slovakia.[7] The use of any Nazi phrases associated with the salute is also forbidden.[8] In Italy, it is a criminal offence only if used with the intent to "reinstate the defunct National Fascist Party", or to exalt or promote its ideology or members.[9] In Canada and most of Europe (including the Czech Republic,[10] France, the Netherlands, Sweden,[7] Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Ukraine, and Russia), displaying the salute is not in itself a criminal offence, but constitutes hate speech if used for propagating the Nazi ideology.[11][12][7] Publicly performing the salute is also illegal in Australia under Commonwealth law unless for a religious, academic, educational, artistic, literary or scientific purpose.[13]

  1. ^ Determinative compound Hitlergruß: Hitler see Krech/Stock/Hirschfeld, Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch, Walter de Gruyter, 2009, p. 587: IPA: [ˈhɪtlɐ]; Gruß: hear Duden: Gruß Archived 12 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine and see Krech/Stock/Hirschfeld, Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch, Walter de Gruyter, 2009, p. 557: IPA: [ɡʁuːs].
  2. ^ Pronunciation wordcombination Deutscher Gruß: deutscher see Duden: Deutscher Archived 31 May 2023 at the Wayback Machine (noun and adjective have same pronunciation): IPA: [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ]; Gruß: hear Duden: Gruß Archived 12 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine and see Krech/Stock/Hirschfeld, Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch, Walter de Gruyter, 2009, p. 557: IPA: [ɡʁuːs]; emphasis: compare Duden: Englische Gruß Archived 12 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine -> secondary stress on first syllable, main stress on second word, same with Deutscher Gruß.
  3. ^ Pronunciation word combination Heil Hitler!: heil, hear Duden: heil Archived 12 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine and see Krech/Stock/Hirschfeld, Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch, Walter de Gruyter, 2009, p. 574: IPA: [haɪl] (remark: Krech/Stock/Hirschfeld are always using 'aə̯'-Transcription for 'ei'- and 'ai'-sounds, standard transcription IPA: [haɪl]); Hitler see Krech/Stock/Hirschfeld, Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch, Walter de Gruyter, 2009, p. 587: IPA: [ˈhɪtlɐ]; emphasis: compare Heil Hitler! Archived 12 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine (two speakers) -> secondary stress on first syllable, main stress on first syllable of second word
  4. ^ Albrecht Tyrell (Hrsg.): Führer befiehl … Selbstzeugnisse aus der „Kampfzeit“ der NSDAP. Grondrom Verlag, Bindlach 1991, S. 129 f.
  5. ^ Kershaw (2001), p. 60
  6. ^ Büchner, Alex (1991). German Infantry Handbook, 1939–1945: Organization, Uniforms, Weapons, Equipment, Operations. Schipper Publishing. ISBN 978-0-88740-284-5.
  7. ^ a b c Sehmer, Alexander (20 July 2015). "Countries where Nazi salute is illegal". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 23 July 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
  8. ^ "German gig shut down by police after crowd chants Nazi slogan 'sieg heil'". Sky News. Archived from the original on 12 April 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  9. ^ "Saluto fascista, la Cassazione: "Non è reato se commemorativo" e conferma due assoluzioni a Milano" [Fascist salute, Supreme Court of Cassation: "Not a crime if memorial" and confirms two acquittals in Milan]. La Repubblica (in Italian). Milan. 20 February 2018. Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
  10. ^ "Hajloval. Hrozí mu tři roky vězení". Deník (in Czech). Archived from the original on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference swiss was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference guardian was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ Jackson, Lewis (8 January 2024). "Australia bans Nazi salute and public display of terror group symbols". Reuters. Retrieved 11 January 2024.


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