Back لهجة طورية Arabic ܛܘܪܝܐ ARC Touroyoeg Breton Turoio Catalan Turoyo German Turoyoki DIQ Turoyo Neo-Arameo Spanish گویش طوریه Persian Turoyo Finnish Touroyo French
| Turoyo | |
|---|---|
| Surayt/Suryoyo | |
| ܛܘܪܝܐ Turoyo | |
| Pronunciation | [tˤuˈrɔjɔ] |
| Native to | Turkey, Syria |
| Region | Mardin Province of southeastern Turkey; Al-Hasakah Governorate in northeastern Syria |
| Ethnicity | Assyrians |
Native speakers | 100,000 (2019–2023)[1] |
| Syriac alphabet (West Syriac Serṭo) Latin alphabet (Turoyo alphabet) | |
| Official status | |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tru |
| Glottolog | turo1239 |
| ELP | Turoyo |
 Neo-Aramaic languages, including Turoyo (represented in red colour) | |
Preview warning: Page using Template:Listen with empty filename #1 | |
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Turoyo (Turoyo: ܛܘܪܝܐ), also referred to as Surayt (Turoyo: ܣܘܪܝܬ), or modern Suryoyo (Turoyo: ܣܘܪܝܝܐ), is a Central Neo-Aramaic language traditionally spoken by the Syriac Christian community in the Tur Abdin region in southeastern Turkey and in northern Syria.[5][6] Turoyo speakers are mostly adherents of the Syriac Orthodox Church, but there are also some Turoyo-speaking adherents of the Assyrian Church of the East and the Chaldean Catholic Church, especially from the towns of Midyat and Qamishli.[citation needed] Originally spoken and exclusive to Tur Abdin, it is now majority spoken in the diaspora.[7] It is classified as a vulnerable language.[8][9] Most speakers use the Classical Syriac language for literature and worship.[10] Its closest relatives are Mlaḥsô and western varieties of Northeastern Neo-Aramaic like Suret.[11] Turoyo is not mutually intelligible with Western Neo-Aramaic, having been separated for over a thousand years.[12]
- ^ Turoyo at Ethnologue (27th ed., 2024)
- ^ Elissa, Jalinos (23 September 2021). "Breakthrough in Syriac school crisis in Zalin (Qamishli) in North and East Syria, Olaf Taw Association explains to SuroyoTV". SuroyoTV (Interview). Interviewed by Jacob Mirza. Zalin, Syria: SyriacPress. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
- ^ Akbulut, Olgun (2023-10-19). "For Centenary of the Lausanne Treaty: Re-Interpretation and Re-Implementation of Linguistic Minority Rights of Lausanne". International Journal on Minority and Group Rights. -1 (aop): 1–24. doi:10.1163/15718115-bja10134. ISSN 1385-4879.
- ^ Erdem, Fazıl Hüsnü; Öngüç, Bahar (2021-06-30). "SÜRYANİCE ANADİLİNDE EĞİTİM HAKKI: SORUNLAR VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ". Dicle Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi (in Turkish). 26 (44): 3–35. ISSN 1300-2929.
- ^ SyriacPress (2021-11-27). "What Suryoye Need More Of: The Surayt-Aramaic Online Language Project". Syriac Press. Retrieved 2025-04-07.
- ^ Ritter, Hellmut (1979). Turoyo: Die Volkssprache der Syrischen Christen des Tur 'Abdin, B: Wörterbuch [Vol. 1]. Beth Mardutho: The Syriac Institute. Beirut: Orient-Institut der DMG / Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag. p. 2.
- ^ Weaver & Kiraz 2016, p. 19-36.
- ^ "Turoyo". Endangered Languages. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. 2022. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
- ^ Saouk 2015, p. 361-377.
- ^ Brock 1989b, p. 363–375.
- ^ Kim, Ronald (2008). ""Stammbaum" or Continuum? The Subgrouping of Modern Aramaic Dialects Reconsidered". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 128 (3): 505–531. ISSN 0003-0279. JSTOR 25608409.
- ^ Owens 2007, p. 268.
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