Social Democratic Party (Romania)

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Social Democratic Party Partidul Social Democrat
Abbreviation	PSD
President	Marcel Ciolacu
Secretary-General	Paul Stănescu
First-Vice Presidents	Gabriela Firea Sorin Grindeanu
Honorary President	Ion Iliescu
Leader in the Senate	Lucian Romașcanu
Leader in the Chamber of Deputies	Alfred Simonis
Leader in the European Parliament	Dan Nica
Founders	FDSN:[1][a] List Ion Iliescu Vasile Văcaru Ion Solcanu Oliviu Gherman Diodor Nicoară Gheorghe Dumitrașcu Ion Tătar Emanuil Cernescu Ion Neagu Gheorghe Damian Vasile Secăreș Vladimir Pasti Petre Ninosu Alexandru Albu Petre Ţurlea Adrian Năstase Șerban Nicolae[2] PSD: Adrian Năstase Alexandru Athanasiu
Founded	7 April 1992 (1992-04-07) (FDSN) 16 June 2001 (2001-06-16) (merger)
Merger of	PDSR PSDR
Preceded by	Democratic National Salvation Front
Headquarters	Șoseaua Kiseleff 10, Bucharest
Youth wing	Social Democratic Youth
Women's wing	OFSD
Membership (2015)	530,000[needs update]
Ideology	Social democracy[3][b] Left-wing nationalism[6][7][8] Left-wing populism[8][9][10] Social conservatism[11][12][13] Christian left[14][15][16] Economic patriotism[17][18][19]
Political position	Centre-left[20][21][22][A]
National affiliation	Red Quadrilateral (1992–1996) Social Democratic Pole of Romania (2000–2004) Social Liberal Union (2011–2014) Centre Left Alliance (2012–2014) National Coalition for Romania (2021–present)
European affiliation	Party of European Socialists
International affiliation	Progressive Alliance Socialist International
European Parliament group	Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats
Colours	Red
Senate	49 / 136 [a][23]
Chamber of Deputies	107 / 330 [b][24]
European Parliament	8 / 33 [25]
Mayors	1,362 / 3,176 [26]
County Presidents	20 / 41 [26]
County Councilors	362 / 1,340 [26]
Local Council Councilors	13,820 / 39,900 [26]
Ministers	9 / 18 [c]
Party flag
Website
psd.ro
Politics of Romania Political parties Elections a. ^ 1 senator from PUSL in PSD parliamentary group b. ^ 4 deputies from PUSL in PSD parliamentary group c. ^ + the current Prime Minister and a Deputy Prime Minister ^ A: The party has also been labelled as catch-all[11]

The Social Democratic Party (Romanian: Partidul Social Democrat, PSD) is the largest social democratic^[27][28] political party in Romania and also the largest overall political party in the country, aside from European Parliament level, where it is the second largest by total number of political representatives (i.e. MEPs), after the National Liberal Party (PNL).^[29] It was founded by Ion Iliescu, Romania's first democratically elected president at the 1990 Romanian general election.^{[30][31][32][33][34]} It is currently part of the National Coalition for Romania (CNR), which is a big tent grand coalition comprising also the National Liberal Party (PNL). The CNR formerly included the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ) until mid June 2023.

It is a member of the Progressive Alliance (PA), which was founded in 2013,^[35] Socialist International (SI),^[36] and Party of European Socialists (PES).^[37] As of 2015, the PSD had 530,000 members.^{[38][needs update]}

PSD traces its origins to the Democratic National Salvation Front (FDSN), a breakaway group established in 1992 from the center-left National Salvation Front (FSN) established after 1989. In 1993, this merged with three other parties to become the Party of Social Democracy in Romania (Romanian: Partidul Democrației Sociale in România, PDSR). The present name was adopted after a merger with the smaller Romanian Social Democratic Party (PSDR) in 2001.^[39]

Since its formation, it has always been one of the two dominant parties of the country. The PDSR governed Romania from 1992 to 1996, while the PSDR was a junior coalition partner between 1996 and 2000. The merged PSD was the senior party in the coalitions governing from 2000 to 2004, and from March 2014 to November 2015, as well as one of the main coalition partners between December 2008 and October 2009 (with the Democratic Liberal Party, PDL) and again between May 2012 and March 2014 (as part of the Social Liberal Union, USL). PSD left government after former Prime Minister, Victor Ponta resigned in November 2015, only for PSD to return as the senior governing party in January 2017, shortly after it achieved a major victory in the 2016 Romanian legislative election. The party remained in power at governmental level until 2019, before being voted down in the parliament and then endorsing a PNL minority government between 2019 and 2020. Subsequently, it entered opposition between 2020 and 2021, before eventually returning to government within the CNR coalition in late 2021.

Party founder Ion Iliescu is the only PSD candidate to become President of Romania, he served in office from the 1989 to 1996, and again from 2000 to 2004.

Currently, PSD is the largest party in the Parliament of Romania with initially 47 seats in the Senate of Romania and 110 seats in the Chamber of Deputies (as obtained at the 2020 Romanian legislative election), it also has the largest number of mayors, as well as the second largest number of local and county councillors and county presidents (after PNL), remaining the biggest and most influential political force in the country to the present day.^[40][41]

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